CULTURE AND CURING IN MISSOURI. 97 



The following will show the production of the several counties in the manufacturing district during the past 

 four years, only the figures for 1879 being from census returns: 



All tobacco raised in the state outside of the manufacturing district may be referred to the heavy shipping 

 grades, except about 15 per cent, of White Burley. 



KINDS OP SOILS PREFERRED FOR TOBACCO IN DIFFERENT COUNTIES. 



Referring to the schedules returned from Missouri, we find the following descriptions of soils preferred for 

 tobacco : 



CALLAWAY. For growing manufacturing tobacco, white-oak ridge land, with scattering hickory along the 

 water-courses, freshly cleared; for shipping tobacco, river and creek bottoms and black-hickory lauds, with a few 

 black oaks. 



CHARITON. For fine tobacco, a grayish soil, clayey and sandy loam on uplands, the original growth of which 

 is white oak. linden, hackbefry, with papaw undergrowth. Alluvial soils are cultivated to some extent. Rich, 

 hilly lands are best adapted to the growth of White Burley. It will " scab" on bottom lauds. 



CARROLL. Clay loam, freshly cleared, preferred; original growth, hickory and white oak. 



FuANKLiNJl-Uplaud clayey soils, having a rolling surface, known as oak and hickory lands, make the finest 

 tobacco. 



HOWARD. White-oak lands, freshly cleared. A large proportion of the crop is planted on old lauds, which 

 produce the heaviest tobacco. 



LINCOLN. Freshly-cleared white-oak soils, fine, sandy, and clayey on uplands ; white oak, ash, and walnut 

 growth. 



LINN. Hickory and pin-oak soil on uplands, gray in color, with a pale yellowish subsoil. 



MACON. Light, sandy loam, on rolling lands, with a timber growth of hickory and white oak. Clayey soila 

 produce heavy tobacco; sandy loams a bright fancy type, in demand by home manufacturers. 



OSAGE. Both river bottoms and uplands are planted in tobacco, the former making the heaviest article, and 1 

 the latter the finest and best for the manufacturer. White oak is the characteristic growth on the best upland soils. 



RANDOLPH. Good sandy soil or limestone land. The best and finest tobacco is grown on new lands, which 

 for two successive years produce the high-priced fancy grades, and sometimes, but rarely, a good-colored leaf is 

 grown on old lauds. The soil preferred has a strong white-oak growth, and is underlaid with limestone. Other 

 characteristic trees ou best tobacco soils are hickory, linn, hackberry, pin oak, and post oak. 



SALINE. All kinds of soil are cultivated in tobacco, viz, prairie, bluff' loam, timbered, and bottom lands. The 

 timbered bluff-loam land is preferred, which has a tree-covering of white oak, sassafras, and hickory. Soils upon 

 which black oak and wild cherry grow are also admirably adapted to the growth of tobacco. 



Tobacco grown upon prairie soil is the least desirable of any grown in the state, being coarse, deficient in gum, 

 with a leaf too thick and too lifeless for the requirements of the domestic manufacturer, yet too deficient in fatty 

 qualities to make a good shipping leaf. 



A growth of white oak and linden, with papaw undergrowth, indicates the best soil for the finest grades of 

 manufacturing leaf. The heaviest shipping leaf is grown upon soils the original timber of which was burr oak, 

 red elm, and walnut. The sandy soils do not grow as heavy a leaf as the more silty, argillaceous soils. 



It may be said generally for all the counties of Missouri that the heavy types are grown upon rich, clayey 

 soils, and the finer types upon the thin ridges. For growing cutting tobacco new ground is preferred; for fillers, 

 new ground and clover fallow ; for shipping leaf, bottom lands, manured lots, and very fertile uplands; and for the 

 production of fine yellow wrappers and smokers thin uplands, freshly cleared, with a characteristic growth of 

 hickory and white or post oak. 



All soils for tobacco must be well drained. It is estimated that the tobacco grown upon lands freshly cleared is 

 worth in the market about 50 per cent, more per pound, ou an average, than that grown on old lands. The condition 

 of the soils is generally very good, being loose and porous, and while they wear easily on rolling surfaces they aro 



