54 SECOND REPORT ON ECONOMIC BIOLOGY. 



with eggs, and breaking away from the rest they pass down the dog's 

 intestine. 



Generally speaking, lambs and yearlings are the animals attacked, 

 it being exceptional to find gid in animals o^er two years old. Those 

 breeds which graze close are said to be more susceptible than others. 



A case inquired into during 1911 differed from the above in that 

 the parasites were lodged in the medulla oblongata, three examples 

 being present.' 



MANGE IN DOG5. 



Dogs are attacked by two forms of mange or scabies, viz., 

 Sarcoptic Scabies due to the mite Sarcoptes scabei var. canis, and 

 Demodex Scabies due to the mite Demodex folliculorum in the hair- 

 follicles and sebaceous glands. The former is the commoner disease, 

 and a number of cases have been reported upon. 



The disease may appear on any part of the body, but usually 

 makes its appearance on some part of the head, quickly spreading to 

 the chest, sides of the body, belly, legs, etc. The first signs of the 

 disease are red spots not unlike flea-bites ; these soon develop into 

 papules and by rubbing into pustules. Sometimes these remain moist 

 patches, due to repeated scratching or rubbing, or they may dry and 

 form abundant scablike crusts and scurf. 



If no treatment is adopted the animal gradually becomes worse 

 and in a few months dies. 



Dogs known to be attacked by this disease should at once be 

 isolated, and all litter, etc., burned. Kennels should be scalded with 

 boiling water. Frequent changing of the litter and absolute cleanli- 

 ness are all important. 



Long-haired dogs should have their coats closely clipped. 



The food supply should be liberal and varied and the animals 

 should obtain plenty of open-air exercise. 



The antipsoric remedies recommended are numerous. Amongst 

 the simplest and most efficaceous I would mention washing with equal 

 parts of creolin and soft soap and then dressing with equal parts of 

 linseed oil and petroleum. 



One part of Peruvian balsam dissolved in ten parts of alcohol and 

 applied to the body after washing has also given excellent results. 



