296 BIRDS OF MASSACHUSETTS. 



The nest of the small pewee is sometimes on horizontal 

 branches, sometimes in the upright forks of a tree. It is com- 

 posed of dry grass woven with wood, down, and other soft 

 materials, cemented together with the saliva of the bird. The 

 eggs are five, of unspotted white. While the young need sup- 

 port and protection, they remain with their parents ; but after- 

 wards, they separate into different parties, to migrate to their 

 winter quarters. 



The AMERICAN REDSTART, Muscicapa ruticilla, is a very 

 beautiful bird. It is not rare, but is seldom seen, because it 

 lives retired, and when it comes into our gardens, confines it- 

 self to the shade. It is in constant motion, exploring the 

 branches, and moving its tail and wings so as to display its rich 

 colors ; sometimes it starts up to catch an insect flying over ; 

 then it may be seen balancing itself in the air, looking sharply 

 into a bunch of leaves. It flies with the mouth open, and its 

 success is known by the snapping of its bill. When it tries to 

 seize a wasp, the insect presents its sting in so formidable a 

 manner, that the redstart dares not catch it, and moves after 

 some less dangerous prey. 



In. the cold weather in June, 1832, when so many birds were 

 found lying dead, in all parts of the country, one of these birds 

 came, for several days in succession, up to my study window, 

 and there employed himself in catching insects, within a few 

 feet of the place where I was writing. He frequently watched 

 me, but finding that I did not trouble him, he dismissed his 

 reserve and seemed to be on familiar terms. When the weath- 

 er changed, he disappeared, and I never saw one in the same 

 place again. 



The nest is generally on a low bush or tree, and appears as 

 if hanging by the twigs. It is composed of various materials, 

 fastened together with saliva. The eggs are a soft white, 

 sprinkled with yellowish brown. The parents are anxiously 

 watchful for the safety of their young. These birds come to 

 us in May, and, at the last of September, retire beyond the 

 limits of the Union. 



