LAKE MEMPHREMAGOG. 



147 



Meinphremagog Lake is thirty miles long, two or three miles wide, and is 685 feet above the ocean. 

 It lies mostly in Canada, only seven or eight miles of the south end extending into Vermont. About 

 15 miles of territory are covered by its waters in Vermont. We have examined only the south end, having 

 extended our researches to Owl's Head Tavern, two or three miles into Canada. Over this space the terraces 

 are found only at the south part. A large mountain on the west side, and a great mass of granite on the 

 east side, have no terraces upon their flanks. But we doubt not that terraces are numerous at the north 

 end of the lake, and we presume that " Stanstead Plain," has been formed by the lake. We give a section 

 of the terraces at the head of navigation. The altitudes were taken by the Aneroid Barometer. 



The section in Fig 64 is partly ideal, as the high beach on the east side is a mile or two south of the 

 line of the section. The two highest terraces are found on both sides of the lake and pass up its two tribu- 

 taries, Black Kiver and Barton River. A church and village (West Derby) are located upon the third 

 terrace on the east side The highest one on the east side extends several miles back into Derby, and as 

 the height corresponds with that of the central village of Derby, we presume the plain extending from this 

 terrace east is the same with the plain extending north from Derby into Canada ; and that though the lake 

 could not deposit any terrace materials near its borders on the mountains, it left its materials east of the 

 granite hill. The materials of the different terraces are represented in the Figure. The three lowest 

 are of clay, the others of fine sand, which is sometimes so abundant as to injure the crops. All the mate- 

 rials in the basin of Lake Memphremagog are unusually fine. 



Fio. 64. 



Section across the valley of Lake Memphremagog. 



We would have been glad of an opportunity to visit the country east of this lake in Orleans and Essex 

 Counties. From Mr. Hall's Eeport we understand that the country near the north line of the State is 

 undulating, the soil good, and the surface not very rocky. We shall anticipate the discovery of many 

 interesting phenomena illustrating Surface Geology. The numerous ponds and lakes would probably 

 exhibit many interesting terraces and ramparts. 



A small pond in the edge of Salem, lying partly in Brownington, has a few terraces upon it. At its 

 west end a small stream empties into it, and at its mouth there are some terraces ; two upon the north side 

 of the mouth of the stream, and three upon the south side. We should estimate the highest one to be 75 

 feet above the level of the pond. 



Willoughby Lake is not situated where terraces can well be produced. It lies between two high precipi- 

 tous mountains of granite, its south end is blocked up by moraine terraces, and there is an outlet proceed- 

 ing from the north end. As it is very deep, probably terraces are now forming underneath its surface. 



In the northeast part of the state there are many other ponds and lakes, upon which there are probably 

 many terraces. We have, however, been unable to examine them. 



At North Montpelier there is a pond of small size, less than a mile in length, upon which we saw three 

 very distinct terraces. The idea was suggested to us when seeing it that possibly these terraces were formed 



