306 UTICA SLATE. 



In Benson and Orwell this slate is found immediately overlying the Trenton in both 

 towns, rather more than a mile west of the two villages. Through all these towns its 

 thickness is inconsiderable. At Shoreham, near Larrabee's Point, the thickness increases 

 rapidly. The whole of the southwest part of the town is underlaid by it. From Shoreham 

 it takes a northeasterly direction towards Snake Mountain, and it is recognized near the 

 village of Bridport, and in the northeast part of Bridport near Jesse Craine's house. Here 

 it is under the shadow of Snake Mountain. Along the western base of this mountain it 

 crops out at intervals. It is well exposed at the northwest base of the mountain. From 

 this point it turns eastwardly, following the course of the red sandrock into Waltham. 

 It can be readily traced by pedestrian geologists along the hill sides of the sandstone 

 range through the east part of Ferrisburgh. At a bridge over Lewis Creek at North 

 Ferrisburgh, there are several exposures of this rock, and its predominant characters may 

 be seen here to advantage, as the ledges are of such easy access. In the south part of 

 Charlotte these measures are concealed, but not in the west and northwest parts of the 

 town, especially upon the banks of Lake Champlain. The localities are numerous, and 

 therefore need not be detailed. In the southwest part of Shelburne, along the coast, Utica 

 slate also appears, but before reaching the middle of the west coast Hudson River shales 

 take their place ; the former having passed under the waters of the lake to re-appear in 

 Rock Dunder and Juniper Island. They are displayed again at Appletree Point west of 

 Burlington Center, where Sir W. E. Logan discovered a specimen of TriartUrus Beckii. We 

 had discovered previously an imperfect graptolite, and Prof. Thompson had found fossils 

 of this group in fragments of slate along the water's edge, but supposed them to have 

 been transported there by drift agency. The extremity of Colchester Point is tipped with 

 this slate ; but most of the rocks in the west part of the town of Colchester are covered 

 with alluvium. The two islands off Colchester Point, Law's Island and Yew Island, as 

 well as Ladd's Island, belong to this range. Allen's Point of South Hero is sandy, but 

 must be underlaid by this slate, as well as the whole of the island, east of a line run- 

 ning from Allen's Point to Tobias' Landing in Grand Isle. The exposures especially 

 noticed were at the Sandbar Bridge, Adams' Bay, Kibbe's Point, Kibbe's Island, Keeler's 

 Bay, Pearl's Bay, Hyde's Point north of Tobias' Landing, and near Mr. Hurlburt's house 

 at the north end of Grand Isle. The whole of North Hero belongs to this range. Several 

 excellent localities of fossils are found upon the western shore, particularly at the south- 

 west corner of the island, at Paine's Point, at Trilobite Point, and much further north at 

 Pelot's Point. The Utica slate is more finely developed upon this island than in any 

 other part of the State. Especially abundant here are the beautiful veins of calcite, the 

 thin beds of limestone, and the curious nodules of pyrites. 



Alburgh is entirely composed of Utica slate. At the southeast and southwest shores, 

 ledges of it are numerous and conspicuous ; and in the middle of the island, near the 

 track of the Vt. and Canada R. R., it shows itself again. Upon the east side of Isle La 

 Motte, two ledges of this slate appear, in contact with the Chazy and Trenton limestones. 

 It is an unnatural conjunction, and Figs. 173 and 174 illustrate their relative positions. 



The second range of Utica slate is of small extent. In the southwest part of Bridport, 

 south of Frost's Landing, it first appears. There is a small anticlinal in the Trenton 

 limestone at Frost's Landing, which brings to view the slate again, in the west part of 



