ANTICLINALS. 465 



Camel's Hump is an anticlinal of gneiss, or rather it is the west side of such an axis, the 

 cast and central parts having been eroded. The rock on top of the mountain is gneissoid, 

 and dips to the west. The character of the gneiss is better seen in the valley of the 

 Winooski River, between Watcrbury and Jonesville than upon the high land. The ledges 

 are, very numerous there, and more of the rock is exhibited here than upon any other sec- 

 tion in the State, unless it be along the La Moille River, where the erosion is similar. 

 It is curious how easily the axis of the gneiss in Bolton can be overlooked. No record 

 has been preserved by Prof. Adams or any of his assistants. On the contrary they have 

 left sections showing perpendicular strata all the way from Jonesville to Waterbury. 

 The exact locality where the central horizontal strata of the anticlinal show themselves is 

 to the west of J. Whitcomb's house in Bolton, exactly on the line connecting the top of 

 Camel's Hump and Mansfield Mountain. This we did not discover till our examination 

 of this section. Much of the gneiss along the Winooski River resembles sandstone the 

 crystals of feldspar being rounded like large grains of sand. 



The axis of the gneiss on La Moille River is not far from the town line of Cambridge 

 and Johnson. The amount of feldspar in the gneissoid rocks along this river, and in the 

 whole belt north of this point is small. We have not examined any point in the gneiss 

 north of La Moille river ourselves, and no anticlinal north of this point has been reported 

 by any other person. The strata in Johnson and Cambridge are full of minor irregulari- 

 ties like much of the gneiss along this Green Mountain axis. The rock at Hazen's Notch 

 proves to be gneiss, associated with a little quartz rock. The most northern locality of 

 gneissoid rock represented upon the map is in the east part of Richford. Prof. Adams 

 described the rock upon Jay Peak as talcose schist. It seems to form the continuation of 

 the axis of Mansfield Mountain and Camel's Hump, and may possibly be the same rock 

 in a disguised condition. We certainly found a gneissoid ledge north of Jay Peak in 

 Canada upon the line of strike, and the Reports of the Canada Survey speak of the con- 

 tinuation of the axis of the Green Mountains as being composed of gneiss. 



THE MIDDLE RANGE OF GNEISS. 



This range extends from Halifax to the Otta Quechee River in Hartford. It is not as 

 extensive as the Green Mountain range, but the average character of the rock is more dis- 

 tinctively gneissic. We have not traced the gneiss as far as the south line of the State, yet 

 suspect it may extend into Massachusetts. It passes insensibly into the mica schist to its 

 eastward. Upon Section II, in Marlboro, this gneiss is first seen in good development. In 

 the east part of the range in Marlboro, hornblende schist and hornblendic gneiss prevail. 

 In the village and west of the village the hornblende is not as abundant, yet the whole 

 of this section through the gneiss may be characterized by the presence of an immense 

 amount of the mineral hornblende. One cannot ask for better characterized gneiss, than 

 may be found upon this range in Marlboro. 



In Newfane this range of gneiss is anticlinal, and is gradually increasing in width. 

 The anticlinal structure is displayed through the whole town. It is immediately overlaid 

 by hornblende schist, like the gneiss in Shelburne, Mass., and in Guilford and Brattleboro, 

 Vt. It is, however, not in their line of strike, though it may be a repetition of the same 

 bolt of rock. All these gneissic anticlinals underlie the calciferous mica schist. At 



