526 MINERALS. 



nickel. It was discovered a few years since by Prof. B. Silliman, jr., and at. present there are very few 

 localities where it is found. In Vermont it has been discovered at South Troy, and can be seen in the 

 State Collection under Nos. 368-9. 



The minerals found in this formation are Native Gold, Serpentine, Picrosmine, Magnetic Iron, Emerald 

 Nickel, Garnet, Pyrites, Eutile in Quartz, Rhomb Spar, Calcite, Dolomite, Bitter Spar, Micaceous Iron 

 Ore, Actinolite, Chlorite, Chrysoprase, Drusy Quartz, Quartz Crystals, Pyroxene, Orthoclase, Tourmaline, 

 Chromic Iron, Asbestus, Talc including Steatite, Native Copper, Galena, Blende, Blue Spinel, Chalcopyrite, 

 Graphite, Chalybite, Specular Iron, Anthophyllite, Rhodonite, Pyrolusite, Mispickel, Hornblende, Chry- 

 solite (in basaltic dike), Epidote, Brucite, Red Hematite, Heavy Spar, Amianthus, Wad, Psilomclane, 

 Raphilite, Pyrope, Natrolite, Pimelite. 



Garnet. (Described under Calciferous Mica Schist.) 



Pyrites. (Described under Calciferous Mica Schist.) 



Eutile. The general description of this mineral has already been given, but the peculiar varieties found 

 in the talcose schist demand a special description. The one to be here described is the rutilated quartz of 

 Waterbury, Vt. This is simply clean crystals of quartz containing capillary or hair-like crystals of rutile. 

 In some instances these capillary crystals radiate from a common center, while at other times they are 

 promiscuously scattered through the quartz. Erratic bowlders containing these crystals have been found in 

 Waterbury, Vt. and in some of the adjoining towns, as well as in New Hampshire. But their original 

 position was not known till the construction of the Vermont Central Railroad. During the building of 

 this railway at a rock cutting in Waterbury, a vein of quartz was met in the talcose slate which contained 

 this rutile. The quartz containing the rutile was mostly in cavities or druses, and was either limpid or 

 brownish- yellow, somewhat like the Irish cairngorm. The rutile is of a reddish-brown with a luster like 

 that of burnished copper, resembling red hair so much so that it has been provincially termed Venus hair- 

 stone. Some of them, however, are entirely black, resembling tourmaline. It is much to be regretted that 

 this locality is entirely exhausted, and that the specimens being of so great a value have all been secured, 

 so that it is impossible fully to illustrate this beautiful feature of Vermont Mineralogy in the State 

 Cabinet, although Nos. 99 and 100 are specimens from the Waterbury vein. 



Rhomb Spar. Rhombohedral, a variety of dolomite. A chemical analysis of a specimen from Roxbury, 

 Vt., by T. S. Hunt, gave carbonate of lime 53.90, carbonate of magnesia 44.04, carbonate of iron 3.05. 

 " Rhomb Spar and Bitter Spar are names applied to crystallized varieties (generally imbedded crystals) 

 provided their faces are not cunilinear or pearly ; also to large grained and easily cleavable varieties of a 

 light color." It has been found in Vermont at Roxbury, Middlebury, Grafton, Jamaica, Newfane, Norwich, 

 Bethel, Bridgewater, Cavendish, Chester, Athens, Jay and Lowell. It is numbered in the State Cabinet 

 from 351 to 364 inclusive. 



Calcite. (Described under Calcareous Mica Schist.) 



Dolomite. (Described above under Rhomb Spar.) 



Bitter Spar. (Described above under Rhomb Spar.) 



Micaceous Iron Ore. This is only a variety of the hematite, where the lamellae are brilliant like a specu- 

 lum. It is an abundant variety of iron ore occurring at Weathersfield and Plymouth. Nos. 67 and 68 are 

 specimens of micaceous iron from Weathersfield, Vt. 



Actinolite. (Described under Calciferous Mica Schist.) 



Chlorite. This in the massive state is of a leek or blackish-green, but when crystallized dull emerald- 

 green. Its primary form is that of a rhomboid. Sometimes it assumes a vermicular form. Its composition 

 is a hydrated silicate of alumina, magnesia and iron. One variety of chlorite called Leuchtenbergite is 

 white. It is a very common mineral everywhere. In Vermont it has been found at Belvidere, Newbury, 

 Mount Holly, Marlboro, Grafton, Bethel, Bridgewater, Chester, Reading and Lowell. 



Chrysoprase. This is merely a variety of quartz or chalcedony colored green by nickel. This has prob- 

 ably been found at Newfane, though no chemical examination of it has yet been made. 



Drusy Quartz. This, too, is merely quartz in very minute crystals, usually found as a lining to cavities. 

 This occurs at Newfane and Halifax. It may be seen in the Cabinet under the Nos. 153 to 156 inclusive. 



