MICROBES, OR BACTERIA. 101 



but differing from the latter in its undivided filaments. 

 Its diameter is at the most one micro-millimetre : it 

 varies in length, and is flexible, in which it resembles 

 the genus Vibrio. These filaments collect in a 

 mucous deposit at the bottom of the cask (Fig. 54). 



Wine undergoes successive changes under the in- 

 fluence of this pathogenic ferment, and this has led 



Fig. 54. Wines affected by pousse. Deposit seen undor the microscope : 1, ordinary 

 alcoholic wine-ferment ; 2, acicular crystals of potassium bitartrate ; 3, crystals 

 of normal calcium tartrate ; 4, Vibrio, or microbe which produces the disease. 



to the belief that there are several distinct diseases ; 

 hence the different names which have been given to 

 this affection. 



The remedies for the disease consist in the ad- 

 dition of tartaric acid ; in drawing off" the wine into 

 sulphured casks, and adding a little brandy ; and in 

 taking care to keep the cellars whitewashed and airy. 



