ANTHOPHYSA. 



ANTLIA. 



convex and ciliated. Mandibles (/) slightly 

 curved, clothed with long hairs, notched 

 near the apex ; larger in the females, and but 

 slightly notched below the apex. Maxilla 

 (g) with the basal portion short and broad, 

 hairy, the edge above pectinated, terminal 

 lobe long and lanceolate, with a small pencil 

 of hairs at the apex. Palpi (h) rather long 

 and setaceous, 6-jointed, basal joint short, 

 second long, the remainder decreasing in 

 length. Mentum rather short and linear. 

 Tongue (*) very long and slender, ringed and 

 tubular, the interior margins very pilose, 

 terminated by a lanceolate appendage. Para- 

 glossce (x) lanceolate. Palpi (&) extending 

 as far as the tongue (in our figure the tongue 

 is represented as longer than natural), slen- 

 der, tapering, 4-jointed, basal joint very long, 

 second not half the length, ciliated towards 

 the apex, third inserted below the apex, and 

 very small, as well as the fourth. Head sub- 

 trigonate ; eyes (c) long and narrow ; ocelli 

 (b) three. Thorax much broader than the 

 head in the female. Legs rather robust; 

 tibias, posterior dilated, and very pilose ex- 

 ternally, and the intermediate ones also in 

 the females ; tarsi, intermediate pair long in 

 the males, the basal joint of the 4 posterior 

 dilated in both sexes, and furnished with a 

 strong brush at the apex in the hinder pair 

 of the female. Claws bifid in the males, 

 with a tooth on the underside in the females. 

 Pulvilli distinct. Male thickly and minutely 

 punctured, and clothed with fulvous or yel- 

 lowish hairs, more or less black at the apex 

 of the abdomen ; female black, very pilose. 

 See INSECTS. 



BIBL. Curtis, British Entomology, viii. p. 

 357; Westwood, Introduction, &c., ii. p. 86. 



ANTHOPHYSA, Duj. A genus of Infu- 

 soria, of the family Monadina (Duj.). 



Char. Animals ovoid or pyriform, with a 

 single anterior flagelliform filament, and ag- 

 gregated at the ends of the branches of a 

 support or polypidom, which is secreted by 

 them. The groups, when free, resemble Uvel- 

 la, and revolve in the liquid containing them. 



The branched support is of an irregular 

 arborescent form, at first soft and glutinous, 

 afterwards becoming brownish, horny, and 

 nodular in appearance. 



A. Mullen (PI. 23. fig. 13). Body thicker 

 in front; aquatic; length of stalks 1-250 to 

 1-120", length of single animal 1-2600". 

 Fig. 13 b represents a detached animal with 

 its flagelliform filament. This is the Epistylis 

 vegetans of Ehrenberg. 



BIBL. Dujardin, In/us.', Ehr. Infusionsth. 



ANTHOSOM A, Leach. A genus of Crus- 

 tacea, of the order Siphonostoma, and family 

 Ergasilina. 



Found upon the gill-covers and gills of 

 sharks. 



BIBL. Baird, Brit. Entom. ; Desmarest, 

 Cons, gener. sur I. Crustac. 



ANTIGRAMMA, Presl. A genus of 

 Scolopendrie8e(Polypodaeous Ferns). Exotic. 



ANTIMONIATE of soda. The produc- 

 tion of this salt by the addition of antimo- 

 niate of potash to a neutral or alkaline solu- 

 tion of a salt of soda, is used as a test of the 

 presence of soda. The crystals are represented 

 in PI. 6. fig. 2. 



BIBL. See CHEMISTRY. 



ANTIMONY. See ARSENIC. 



ANTLIA. The spiral tongue or proboscis 

 of the Lepidoptera. 



This well-known beautiful organ (PI. 26. 

 fig. 28), when extended, forms a long sucto- 

 rial tube, and when coiled up represents a 

 flat spiral, like the main-spring of a watch. 

 It consists mainly of two modified maxillae 

 (see INSECTS). According to Mr. Newport, 

 each maxilla is composed of an immense 

 number of short transverse muscular rings ; 

 these are convex externally and concave 

 internally, and the two connected organs 

 form a tube. Within each there are one or 

 more large tracheae (fig. 28 c*!) connected 

 with the tracheae in the head. The inner or 

 concave surface which forms the tube 

 (fig. 28 c f) is lined with a very smooth 

 membrane, and extends along the anterior 

 margin throughout the whole length of the 

 organ. At its commencement at the apex 

 (fig. 28 / *), it occupies nearly the whole 

 breadth of the organ, and is smaller than at 

 its termination near the mouth, where the 

 concavity or groove does not occupy more 

 than about l-3rd of the breadth. In some 

 species, the extremity of each maxilla is 

 furnished along its anterior and lateral 

 margin with a great number of minute 

 papillae. These, in Vanessa Atalanta (the 

 red admirable butterfly) for instance, form 

 little barrel-shaped bodies (fig. 28 b, , /), 

 furnished at the free end with three or more 

 marginal teeth, and a larger pointed body in 

 their centre. There are seventy-four of 

 these in each maxilla, or half the proboscis. 

 Mr. Newport regards them as probably 

 organs of taste. There are also some curious 

 appendages arranged along the inner anterior 

 margin of each maxilla, in the form of 

 minute hooks, which, when the proboscis is 

 extended, serve to unite the two halves 



