ASTOMUM 



AVANTURINE. 



In similar situations, rather more common. 

 Ayaricus Ly coper dioides, Sow. 



BIBL. Hook., Br. VI. ii. part 2. 322; 

 Sowerby, Funyi, t, 279 ; Sturm, Deutschl. 

 FL iii. t. 26; Bulliard, Herb. t. 166, 516, 

 fig. 1. 



ASTOMUM, Hampe. A genus of Bra- 



Fig. 49. 



Fig. 50. 



Astomum subulatum. Astomum alternifolium. 



A leaf showing the cellular Section of sporange. 



structure. 

 Magnified 40 diameters. 



Magnified 40 diameters. 



chiaceae (Acrocarpous Mosses), including 

 some of the Phasca of Linnaeus, &c. 



1. A. subulatum, Hmy. = Phascum subu- 

 latum, L. (fig. 49). 



2. A. alternifolium, Hmp. = PA. alterni- 

 folium, Dicks, Crypt, (fig. 50). 



3. A. nitidum, ~Kmp.=Ph. axillare, Dicks. 

 BIBL. See MUSCACE^E. 



ATAX, Duges. A genus of Arachnida, of 

 the order Acarina, and family Hydrachnea. 



Char. Body ovoid ; a genital fissure bor- 

 dered by two plates, upon each of which 

 are three transparent, rounded tubercles ; 

 anterior coxae posteriorly in contact in the 

 median line, wedging the labium between 

 them anteriorly; the two groups of posterior 

 coxae distant; fourth coxa very broad, in 

 contact with the third throughout its whole 

 length; palpi with the fourth joint very 

 long, attenuate, slightly excavated towards 

 the end to receive the fifth joint in a state of 

 extreme flexion; fifth joint forming a pointed 

 claw ; mandibles consisting of a thick body, 

 cut off obliquely like the point of a pen pos- 

 teriorly, truncate anteriorly, and terminated 

 by a large, strong and slightly curved claw ; 

 labium oval, concave and bifid. 



Several species, of various brilliant colours. 



A. histrionica (Hydrachna histrionica, 

 Herm.) (PL 2. fig. 14). Body dark red, paler 

 in front of the eyes, a square black spot in 

 front of them ; dorsally marked with longi- 

 tudinal converging striae ; five black spots 

 on the anterior portion of the ventral surface ; 

 palpi and legs blackish green. 



The black spots are produced by the 

 viscera indistinctly visible through the skin. 



BIBL. Walckenaer, Apteres,\\\. (Gervais); 

 Hermann, Mem. Apterol. ; Duges, Ann. d. 

 Sc. nat, 2 ser. i. ; Koch, Deutschl. Crust., 

 &c. 



ATHEROMA. Atheromatous deposits 

 consist of globules of oil of the most varied 

 sizes, frequently exceedingly minute, mixed 

 with albuminous matter in the form of amor- 

 phous masses or flakes and molecules, plates 

 of cholesterine and granules of carbonate of 

 lime. 



BIBL. Works on Medicine and Surgery ; 

 Lebert, Phys. PathoL; Bennett, Edinb. 

 Monthly Journ. vii. ; Wedl, Grundz. d. 

 path. Hist.; Rokitansky, Ueber einig. d. 

 wichtig. Krankh. d. Arterien. 



ATRACTOBOLUS, Tode. Described as 

 a genus of Nidulariacei (Gasteromycetous 

 Fungi), but now stated to be the egg of a 

 Raphignathus. 



ATROPIA (Atropine). See ALKALOIDS, 

 p. 25. 



AULACODISCUS. See EUPODISCUS. 



AULACOGRAPHA, Leighton. A genus 

 of Graphideae (Gymnocarpous Lichens), 

 founded on the species Aulacographa (Ope- 

 grapha) elegans, Sm., distinguished by the 

 peculiar furrows of the proper margins sur- 

 rounding the disks of the lirellae. Grows on 

 the bark of trees. 



BIBL. Leighton, Ann. of Nat. Hist. 2nd 

 ser. xiii. p. 389. pi. 7- 1854. 



AULACOSIRA. See MELOSIRA. 



AULOCOMNIUM, Schwsegr. See 

 MNIUM. 



AURICULARINL A tribe of Hymeno- 

 mycetous Fungi characterized by bearing 

 their basidiospores on the surface of papillae 

 situated on the under or outer side of a 

 tubular, cup-shaped or funnel-shaped spo- 

 range. See HYMENOMYCETES and BASI- 

 DIOSPORES. 



AVANTURINE. A mineral composed 

 of silex, with numerous minute scales of 

 mica interspersed through its substance, or 

 traversed in all directions by minute fissures 

 or cracks ; giving it an elegant sparkling or 

 iridescent appearance. 



Artificial Avanturine consists of glass, 



