BOTRYTIS. 



[ 98 ] 



BRACHIONUS. 



On the leaves of Arenaria trinervis. Berk. 

 Journ. Hort. Soc. i. 31. pi. 4. fig. 22. 



16. B. Vicice, Berk. White ; fertile fila- 

 ments sparingly branched, elongate; branch- 

 lets bifid, not hooked ; spores obovate, api- 

 culate. On common Vetches (a distinct 

 species, purple, is said to grow on peas). 

 Berk. /. c. pi. 4. fig. 23. 



17. B. arborescens, Berk. White; fertile 

 filaments very much branched above, di-tri- 

 chotomous, somewhat forcipate at the apex; 

 spores smallish, sub-globose. On common 

 red poppy leaves. Berk. I. c. pi. 4. fig. 24. 



18. B. ganglioniformis, Berk. White, in 

 patches; fertile filaments branched above; 

 branchlets curved, dilated in ganglioid thick- 

 enings below the tips ; spores small, sub- 

 globose. On garden lettuces. Berk. /. c. 

 pi. 4. fig. 25. B, geminata, Unger, Bot. 

 Zeitung. v. pi. 6. fig. 9. Bremia lactucce, 

 Regel, Bot. Zeit. i. p. 665. 1843. pi. 3 B. 



19. B. (Peronospora} macrospora, Ung. 

 Fertile filaments erect, several from the same 

 point, white, branched above; spores very 

 large, elongate-pyriform. On leaves of pars- 

 nips and other TJmbelliferse. Unger, Exan- 

 theme, pi. 2. fig. 14 B. 



20. B. Tilletei, Desm. Fertile filaments 

 branched, fulvous; branchlets very short, 

 whorled; spores sub-globose. On mosses 

 and various leaves. Desmaz. Crypt. Exs. 

 fasc. v. No. 226; Ann. des Sc. nat. 2 ser. x. 

 308. 



21. B. infestans, Montague (PI. 20. figs. 5- 

 7). The Potato-fungus. This grows in tufts 

 on the lower surface of the leaves, and also on 

 the tubers of the potato, forming white mealy 

 spots. The mycelium ramifies in the inter- 

 cellular passages of the leaves, and sends out 

 the fertile filaments from the stomates, so 

 that these appear scattered among the hairs 

 of the epidermis; they are usually about 

 1-30" high upon the leaves, branched at the 

 apex, septate and white. The 2 to 6 branches 

 are erecto-patent, acute, virgate, nodose 

 from numerous elliptical thickenings. The 

 spores in large specimens are at first globular- 

 ovoid, then elliptical, and finally somewhat 

 of the shape of a gourd-seed, with a sub- 

 apiculate mamilla at one end, very shortly 

 pedicillate at the other, of the same colour 

 as the filaments, chiefly white, densely 

 filled with sporules enclosed in an endo- 

 spore, about 1-800" long, 1-1200" thick. 

 Berkeley, Journ. Hort. Soc. i. 30. pi. 2-4. 

 figs. 4-19. Botrytis Solanl, Auct. var. 

 B. fallax, Desmazieres. B. devastatrix, Li- 

 bert; Morren, Ann. de la Soc. de I'Ag. de 



Gand. 1845. p. 287 ; Peronospora trifur- 

 cata, Unger, Botanische Zeit. v. 314. pi. 6. 

 figs. 1-6. 



Botrytis Bassiana, Balsamo, is the fungus 

 growing on the bodies of silk-worms, causing 

 the disease called Muscardine, which some- 

 times produces most extensive destruction 

 in the districts where they are cultivated. 

 A figure of it is given by Mr. Berkeley in 

 the paper on the Potato-fungus referred to 

 above. Many papers on it exist in the 

 Comptes Tlendus, and the whole history, with 

 figures, will be found in Robin's Vegetaux 

 Parasites, 2nd ed. 1853. p. 560 et seq. 



Botrytis lateritia, Fr., not uncommon in 

 the hollows of decaying potatoes, beet-root, 

 &c., appears to be Acrostalagmus parasitans, 

 Corda. See ACROSTALAGMUS. 



BIBL. As given under the species. 



BOX. The wood of the box-tree, Emeus 

 sempervirens, L. (Nat. Fam. Euphorbiaceae, 

 Dicotyledon), is remarkable for its hardness, 

 offering a great contrast to that of Bombax 

 and the like. See WOOD. 



BRACHION^EA. A family of Rotatoria. 



Char. A carapace (testula) present ; rota- 

 tory organs two, simple. 



The rotatory organ sometimes appears to 

 consist of five parts, three median and two 

 lateral. The two larger lateral ones only are 

 rotatory organs, the cilia of the median ones 

 remaining extended without motion during 

 the action of others. The carapace resembles 

 that of a tortoise. 



Genera : 



Eye-spots absent ; foot forked Noteus. 



Jr foot absent Anureea. 



one \ foot forked .... Brachionus. 



J3.jrc-.pwi. preacui^ r foot absent.... Pompholyx. 



I X foot styliform. . Pterodina. 



See HYDROCORA and DIPODINA. 



BRACHIONUS, Hill. A genus of Rota- 

 toria, of the family Brachionsea. 



Char. A single eye-spot at the back of the 

 head ; foot forked. 



The anterior margin of the carapace is 

 furnished with teeth, as in some species is 

 the posterior margin also. 



B. amphiceros (PL 34. fig. 8). Carapace 

 smooth, furnished both at the anterior and 

 posterior margin with four teeth ; aquatic ; 

 length 1-70". 



B. rubens. Carapace smooth, with six 

 acute teeth in front and rounded posteriorly; 

 body reddish; aquatic; length 1-50''. (Teeth, 

 PL 34. fig. 9). 



Eleven other species have been described ; 

 some of them aquatic, others marine. 



