CRICKET. 



[ 173 ] 



CRUSTACEA. 



recorded as British is C. intermedia, Berk., 

 Fig. 150. 



Cribraria aurantiaca. 



Peridium burst, with the capillitium exserted. 

 Magnified 25 diameters. 



intermediate between C. vulgaris and C. au- 

 rantiaca. The peridium is yellow with a 

 white stalk ; the spores yellow. (Figured as 

 Sphaerocarpus semitrichioides by Sowerby, 

 t. 400. fig. 5.) 



BIBL. Hook. Brit. Fl. v. pt. 2. 318; Fries, 

 Syst. Mycolog. iii. 168 ; Corda, Icon. Fung. 

 v. pi. 3. fig. 35. 



CRICKET. See ACHETA. 



CRISTATELLA, Cuv. A genus of Po- 

 lypi, of the order Bryozoa. 



Char. Polypidom free, disk-shaped, poly- 

 piferous at the margin ; tentacles numerous, 

 pectinate upon two arms. Aquatic. 



C. mucedo (Plate 33. fig. 9). Three, four 

 or more polypes arise from the locomotive 

 polypidom. Ova in the young state enclosed 

 in a ciliated membrane, disk-shaped, fur- 

 nished with marginal spines which are hooked 

 at the end (fig. 10), and opening with a lid. 

 They are occasionally found in large num- 

 bers in the holes made by the feet of cattle 

 around ponds. 



BIBL. Cuvier, Regne Animal, 1817, iv. p. 

 68 ; Turpin, Ann. d. Sc. nat. 2 ser. vii. p. 65; 

 Gervais, ibid. vii. p. 77 ; Johnston, Brit. 

 Zooph. p. 387 ; Vaiiey, Lond. Phys. Journ. 

 iii. p. 3/. 



CRONARTIUM, Fries. A genus of 

 Cseomacei (Coniomycetous Fungi). See 

 C^EOMACEI and UREDO. 



CROUANIA, J. Agardh. A genus of 

 Cryptonemiaceae (Florideous Algae). C. at- 



tenuata is a very rare plant, which has been 

 found epiphytic on Cladostephus spongiosus. 

 Its frond consists of a single-tubed filament, 

 with the joints clothed with dense whorls of 

 minute dichotomously multiplied branchlets, 

 somewhat beaded. The favellidia are stated 

 to occur near the tips of the branchlets ; the 

 tetraspores (large) are affixed to the bases of 

 the latter. 



BIBL. Harvey, Br. Mar. Alg. pi. 21 D ; 

 Phyc. Brit. pi. 106; J. Agardh, Alg. Medit. 

 83 ; Agardh, Sp. Alg. ii. 136 (as Griffithsia 

 nodulosa)', Kiitzing, Sp. Alg. 651 (Calli- 

 thamnion). 



CRUMENULA, Duj. A genus of In- 

 fusoria, of the family Thecamonadina. 



Char. Oval, depressed, with a resisting, 

 obliquely striated or reticulated tegument, 

 from a notch in the fore part of which a long 

 flagelliform filament issues ; a red eye-spot. 

 Movement slow. 



C. testa (PL 23. fig. 34). Green ; aquatic ; 

 length 1-510". Filament three times as long 

 as the body. 



Dujardin appends Prorocentrum, E. to this 

 genus. 



BIBL. Dujardin, Infus. p. 339. 



CRUORIA, Fries. A genus of Crypto- 

 nemiaceae (Florideous Algae). C. pellita is 

 common on exposed rocks and stones be- 

 tween tide-marks, forming a glossy purplish 

 skin, between gelatinous and leathery, upon 

 smooth surfaces, in patches 2 to 3 in dia- 

 meter. This 'skin' is formed of vertical tufts 

 of simple articulated filaments imbedded in 

 a gelatinous matrix. One of the cells of each 

 filament is larger than the rest. The tetra- 

 spores occur at the bases of the filaments. 



BIBL. Harvey, Br. Mar. Alg. pi. 20 C ; 

 Phyc.Brit.pl. 117. 



CRUSTACEA. A class of Invertebrate, 

 Articulate animals. 



Char. Apterous ; no tracheae ; respiration 

 aquatic (branchial), or effected by the skin : 

 legs jointed. (A dorsal vessel, ventricle, or 

 heart ; integument composed partly of chi- 

 tine). 



The integument of the Crustacea usually 

 forms a hard calcareous shell, sometimes, how- 

 ever, being leathery or horny ; it constitutes 

 an external skeleton. In its most complex 

 condition four layers are distinguishable. An 

 outermost, very thin, transparent and struc- 

 tureless or cellular, the epidermis ; beneath 

 this, a layer of pigment-cells to which the 

 colour is owing, but sometimes the pigment 

 is not contained within cells ; under this is 

 a thick layer, forming the greater part of 



