EXPLANATION OF PLATE IX. 

 Figs. A to F, Sphcurozoum punctatutn. 



Fig. A. Natural appearance of a colony, showing the numerous 



individuals surrounded by the clear layer of the calymna. 



X 6. 

 Fig. B. Diagrammatic section through the same, showing it to 



consist of a hollow sphere ; cl. calynma : c. #p. central space. 

 Fig. C. View of an isolated individual surrounded by a Loaaejuetwork 



of spicules. 

 Fig. D. The same, with spicules removed. 



o. gl. great oil-globule of capsule ; nu. one of the several 



nuclei ; cp. capsular membrane : sm. sarcomatrix : alg. 



symbiotic algae. 



Fig. E. Three of the six-rayed spicules. 

 Fig. F. Scale of magnification of Figs. C, D, E, 3 & 4 (all original). 



Figs. 1 to 9, Crinoids. 



Fig. 1. Free-swimming larva of Antedon (Rosy Feather Star), with 



the calcareous plates of the stalked larva formed within. 



c. z. one of the four ciliary zones. (After Thompson). 

 Fig. 2. Young attached larva of same ; t. pi. terminal or attachment 



plate ; x. articulation of the joints of the stalk ; bs. a basal 



plate of the calyx ; or. an oral plate ; r. a radial plate just 



beginning to form ; t. circle of tentacles round mouth. 



(Original). 



Fig. 3. An oral plate magnified to scale of fig. F. (Original). 

 Fig. 4. Halves of adjoining joints of stalk, to show their cribriform 



nature and mode of articulation at x. Same magnification. 



(Original). 

 Fig. 5. A later stage than fig. 2, and just prior to commencement of 



adult life. The dorsal cirri (dr.) and 5 pairs of arms 



have just appeared. (After Thompson). 

 Fig. 6. Pentacrinus caput-meduscu (after J. Mliller), a form stalked 



throughout life. The stalk has whorls of cirri (wh. dr.) 



at intervals. 

 Fig. 7. Ekizocrinus lofotensis, a young individual (after Sars). 



This species remains stalked all through life, but instead 



of a basal plate of attachment, is anchored by ramifying 



root-like processes which twine round stones and other 



objects. 



Fig. 8. Magnified view of the " head " of an older stage of same. 

 Fig. 9. Encrinus liliiformis, one of the most numerous of fossil 



crinoids, 



(The original figures copyrighted, March, 1895). 



