1993 Montana Agricultural Statistics 



Economic 25 



COW-CALF: Production Costs and Returns, All Sizes of Operations, West, 1990-91 



Item 



1990 



1991 



Cash costs and returns: Dollars per bred cow 

 Gross value of production: 



Steer calves 46.46 51.55 



Heifer calves 38.73 40.18 



Yearling steers 146.39 147.51 



Yearling heifers 68.02 68.91 



Other cattle 130.04 136.11 



Total 429.64 444.26 



Cash expenses: 



Feeder cattle 23.25 23.87 



Feed: 



Grain 4.19 5.58 



Protein supplements 19.04 19.06 



By-products 3.40 3.31 



Harvested forages 90.34 84.72 



Pasture 52.50 47.20 



Total feed costs 169.47 159.87 



Other: 



Veterinary and medicine 12.15 10.33 



Livestock hauling 3.06 3.56 



Marketing 6.87 6.93 



Custom feed mixing 0.33 0.49 



Fuel, lube, electricity 15.69 16.75 



Machinery and building repairs 26.29 28.17 



Hired labor 30.78 32.58 



Other variable cash expenses 4.88 4.94 



Total, variable cash expenses 292.77 287.49 



General farm overhead 39.25 29.45 



Taxes and insurance 51.19 43.25 



Interest 62.46 49.27 



Total, fixed cash expenses 152.90 121.97 



Total, cash expenses 445.67 409.46 



Gross value of production less cash expenses -16.03 34.80 



Item 1990 



Economic costs and returns: 

 Gross value of production: 



Steer calves 



Heifer calves 



Yearling steers 



Yearling heifers 



Other cattle 



Total 



Economic (full ownership) costs: 



Variable cash expenses 



General farm overhead 



Taxes and insurance 



Capital replacement 



Operating capital 



Other nonland capital 



Land 



Unpaid labor 



Total, economic costs 



Residual returns to management, unpaid labor and risk -219.71 



1991 



-160.30 



SOURCE: Economic Indicators of the Farm Sector, Cost of Production, 1991 USDA, ERS 



