1 86 AGRICULTURE. 



From this nursery you can set out a row of maples or elms 

 along the main road and the lane, taking care to keep them 

 well apart, so that they will branch out and not shade the road 

 too much ; you can also plant a wind-break for the house and 

 the garden ; you can cover the hilly ground and protect all 

 springs and water courses ; you can also plant a small clump 

 in a corner of the pasture, being careful to protect it from the 

 cattle till well grown ; you can locate a few trees near the 

 house, but not too near. There will be no difficulty in finding 

 a place for every tree, and, if properly cared for, every tree 

 thus set out will add to the value of the farm or the home. 



1. How many different kinds of maple, of oak, of birch, of cedar, of 

 elm, of ash and of pine are found in your neighborhood? 



2. What is pulp ? What trees are used for producing pulp ? 



3. Which is more valuable, a pine from the open or one from a pine 

 forest? Why? 



4. Why will a hollow tree live and a girdled tree die ? 



5. What causes the rings in a tree, and the grain in a board ? How can 

 you tell a tree's age ? 



6. How is maple syrup made? When? Do any other trees give 

 similar products? 



7. What causes a knot in a pine board and a burl in an oak tree ? 



8. What is the effect on forest growth of allowing cattle to browse and 

 range through the wood lot. 



9. What are the principal uses in manufacture of maple, ash, elm, 

 birch, oak, hickory, basswood, black walnut, cedar, hemlock, spruce, and 

 white pine ? 



10. Explain the difference between log, timber, and lumber ; board, 

 plank, and deal ; straight-cut and quarter-cut ; selected, mill-run, and 

 culls. How is lumber measured ? 



Cone of white pine. (One half natural size.) 



