26 SCIENCE AND CULTURE. 



plated, it seems to me that a fairly complete culture is 

 offered to all who are willing to take advantage of it. 



But I am not sure that at this point the " practical " 

 man, scotched but not slain, may ask what all this talk 

 about culture has to do with an Institution, the object 

 of which is defined to be " to promote the prosperity of 

 the manufactures and the industry of the country." 

 may suggest that what is wanted for this end is riot 

 culture, nor even a purely scientific discipline, but sim- 

 ply a knowledge of applied science. 



I often wish that this phrase, " applied science," had 

 never been invented. For it suggests that there is a 

 sort of scientific knowledge of direct practical use, which 

 can be studied apart from another sort of scientific 

 knowledge, which is of no practical utility, and which 

 is termed "pure science." But there is no more com- 

 plete fallacy than this. "What people call applied science 

 is nothing but the application of pure science to par- 

 ticular classes of problems. It consists of deductions 

 from those general principles, established by reasoning 

 and observation, which constitute pure science. ~No 

 one can safely make these deductions until he has a 

 firm grasp of the principles; and he can obtain that 

 grasp only by personal experience of the operations 

 of observation and of reasoning on which they are 

 founded. 



Almost all the processes employed in the arts and 

 manufactures fall within the range either of physics or 



