XIII. 



THE CONNECTION OF THE BIOLOGICAL 

 SCIENCES WITH MEDICINE. 



THE great body of theoretical and practical knowl- 

 edge which has been accumulated by the labours of some 

 eighty generations, since the dawn of scientific thought 

 in Europe, has no collective English name to which an 

 objection may not be raised ; and I use the term " medi- 

 cine " as that which is least likely to be misunderstood ; 

 though, as every one knows, the name is commonly ap- 

 plied, in a narrower sense, to one of the chief divisions 

 of the totality of medical science. 



Taken in this broad sense, " medicine " not merely 

 denotes a kind of knowledge, but it comprehends the 

 various applications of that knowledge to the alleviation 

 of the sufferings, the repair of the injuries, and the con- 

 servation of the health, of living beings. In fact, the 

 practical aspect of medicine so far dominates over every 

 other, that the " Healing Art " is one of its most widely- 

 received synonyms. It is so difficult to think of medi- 

 cine otherwise than as something which is necessarily 

 connected with curative treatment, that we are apt to 

 forget that there must be, and is, such a thing as a pure 



