THE SILVER- Y AND CODLING MOTHS. 39 



LIFE-HISTORY. 



The eggs are laid on the underside of the leaves of such 

 plants as Cabbage, Beet, Pea, Bean, etc. The larvae hatch 

 out in about fourteen days and commence feeding upon the 

 leaves. When full-fed they are a delicate green, with short 

 almost colourless hairs, and have six white wavy lines running 

 down the back. At each side of the body is a yellowish and 

 more conspicuous stripe, with an indistinct, broken line below 

 it. Pupation takes place in the plant. After about a month 

 from hatching the larvae spins a cocoon in a leaf or on the stem, 

 and changes to a deep black-coloured pupa. The moth appears 

 twelve or fourteen days later. There are two or more broods 

 annually. 



PREVENTIVE AND REMEDIAL MEASURES. 



In gardens and small plots, handpicking will prove effective. 

 Fowls greedily devour the larvae. 



All grass-grown or weedy spots in or near to gardens should 

 be cleared, especially nettles and thistles. 



Watering with liquid manure I found answer very well, 

 where the larvae were very plentiful on cabbages. 



Dusting the plants with equal parts of lime and soot as soon 

 as the larvae are noticed is also serviceable. 



THE CODLING MOTH. 



Carpocapsa pomonella, Linn. 



The Codling Moth is one of those injurious insects which we in 

 this country have yet scarcely realised the importance of, partly 

 from the fact that we have never experienced scourges like those 

 known in America, Canada, Tasmania, etc., and partly from 

 our general apathy as regards animals injurious to crops. 



EARLY HISTORY AND IMPORTANCE OF. 



References to the Codling Moth are to be found in some of the 

 earliest writings on Agriculture, the literature on its life-history, 

 habits, etc., are voluminous, while the references to preventive 

 and remedial measures are legion. 



In our own country the first important account was given 

 by " Rusticus " in the Entomological Magazine ( r ) in 1833, and 

 Westwood ( 2 ) gave an admirable account of the pest in 1838, but 

 it is to American investigations that we owe the most complete 

 accounts. Amongst such, those written by Walsh and Riley, 

 Forbes, Gillette, Washburn, and Slingerland, are perhaps the 

 most important. 



The original home of the insect was doubtless South-eastern 

 Europe, but it is now kno\vn almost the whole world over. 



1. Vol. i, pp. 144-146. 



2. Gardiner's Mag 



azine, vol. xiv, pp. 234-239. 



