REPORT ON THE RADIOLARIA. 1717 



The genus Concharium is the simplest and the most primitive form of all 

 Concharida ; it may be regarded as the common ancestral form of the whole family. 

 The entire shell is usually almost spherical, without horns or teeth, and may be 

 regarded as a Castanella which is bisected or broken into two equal hemispherical 

 halves. The lateral margins of the two hemispherical valves are smooth, without teeth, 

 and catch one into the other like the two valves of a Diatom, or the two halves of a 

 bivalved box. Concharium agrees in this simple shape of the frontal margins with the 

 following genus Conchasma, and represents with it the small subfamily Conchasmida. 



1. Concharium bivalvum, n. sp. (PI. 123, figs. 2, 2a). 



Shell spherical, smooth. Diameter in all directions nearly the same. Borders of the two 

 hemispherical valves circular, smooth, about twice as broad as the pores. In the half frontal 

 perimeter of the shell (along the right and the left border of each valve) twenty-two to twenty-four 

 pores, in the half sagittal perimeter (in the middle line of each valve) eighteen to twenty-two pores, 

 in the half equator (in the cinctural perimeter of each valve) twenty to twenty-two pores. All 

 pores circular, of the same size, twice as broad as their bars. 



Dimensions. Length of the shell (longitudinal diameter) 0'35, height (sagittal diameter) 0'34, 

 breadth (lateral diameter) 0'33. 



Habitat. North Atlantic, west of Madeira, Station 354, depth 1675 fathoms. 



2. Concharium nucula, n. sp. (PL 123, fig. 3). 



Shell pear-shaped, with costate surface. Oral face somewhat truncated, broader than the 

 aboral face. Its longitudinal diameter about one-fifth longer than the two other diameters. 

 Borders of the two valves ovate, smooth, about as broad as the pores. In the half frontal perimeter 

 of the shell twenty-two to twenty-four pores, in the half sagittal perimeter eighteen to twenty, 

 in the half equator sixteen to eighteen. Pores irregularly roundish, three to four times as 

 broad as the bars. The pores are so disposed in meridional rows that the crests between the rows 

 converge towards the two poles of the sagittal axis. 



Dimensions. Length of the shell 0'2, height 018, breadth 016. 



Habitat. South Atlantic (west of Tristan da Cunha), Station 332, depth 2200 fathoms. 



3. Concharium diatomeum, n. sp. (PL 123, fig. 1). 



Shell nearly spherical, slightly lenticular, somewhat compressed in dorso-ventral direction ; the 

 sagittal diameter therefore somewhat shorter than the two others. Borders of the two hemispherical 

 valves nearly circular, quite smooth, about as broad as the length of the largest pores. In the 

 half frontal perimeter of the shell forty-four to fifty pores ; in the half sagittal perimeter twenty to 

 twenty-four ; in the half equator thirty to thirty-three. Pores different in form and size ; the 



