112 PATAGONIAN EXPEDITIONS: ZOOLOGY. 



Tail : Composed of twenty feathers and colored as in S humboldti. 



Immature birds resemble those of a similar age of S. humboldti. The 

 breast and belly however are less marked or almost devoid of blackish 

 spots, and the under surface of the flippers is immaculate except at the 

 tip and near the base. 



"Iris brown; edges of eyelids black; bill horn-colour; feet in front 

 black'mottled with white, behind black all over." (Dr. Coppinger.) 



"Bill black; legs grey spotted with black; claws black." (Dr. Cop- 

 pinger.) 



"Tom Bay, April 7, 1879. Iris brown; eyelids' edges black, not flesh- 

 colour; bill horn-colour; feet in front black mottled with white, behind 

 black all over. 



"Male juv.: Tom Bay, February 17, 1879. Iris brown; eyelids black; 

 bill black ; legs grey spotted with black ; claws black. 



"Female: Tom Bay, April 5, 1879. Bill horn-colour; iris brown; legs 

 in front grey spotted with black; behind black. (Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1881, 

 P- I7-) 



Geographical Range. Tierra del Fuego and the coast of Patagonia. 

 Coasts of South America, north on the west coast to central Chili, and on 

 the east coast to Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The Falkland Islands and 

 South Georgia. 



* 



The descriptions are based on examples of this penguin in the British 

 Museum of Natural History. The Princeton Expeditions to Patagonia 

 did not obtain representatives of the Magellanic penguin. 



"I paid a visit to an island in False Bay, called Seal Island. It is a 

 mere shelving rock on which it is only possible to land on very favorable 

 occasions. The whole place is a rookery of the jackass penguin (Sphe- 

 niscus demersa]. It is an ugly bird as compared with the crested penguin 

 of Tristan da Cunha; the bill is blunter, but the bird can nevertheless 

 bite hard with it (all the penguins seem to bite rather than peck). The 

 birds here nested on the open rock, which was fully exposed to the burn- 

 ing sun and occasional rain. It must not be supposed that either pen- 

 guins or albatrosses are necessarily inhabitants of cold climates ; a species 

 of penguin and an albatross breed at the Galapagos Archipelago, almost 

 exactly on the equator. 



