914 PAT AGONIAN EXPEDITIONS : BOTANY. 



separating at maturity, each with 2-1 seeds. Seed epitropous, with ven- 

 tral raphe, and superior micropyle ; a second, if present, has dorsal raphe 

 and inferior micropyle. 

 g. Sepalo-petalous, often obdiplostemonous, rarely isostemonous. Anthers 



with lateral slits. Carpels isomerous or oligomerous. 

 h. Capsule ultimately separating into 5 carpels on the elongated axis. 

 Stamens 10. Styles branching. Leaves lobed or divided. 



Family 53. Geraniacece, Geranium, p. 531. 



7*2. Capsule 2 5 -celled, not separating. Diplo- or triplo-stemonous. 



Styles distinct or branching. Leaves mostly radical, palmately 



3 -parted, or many-parted. Family 54. Oxalidacece, p. 536. 



7*3. Capsule 3-celled, ultimately splitting apart. Perianth showy, zygo- 



morphic, with a spur. Stamens 8 ; style i . Leaves peltate or 



palmatifid. Family 55. Tropceolacea, p. 543. 



7*4. Capsule 4 12-celled. Flowers regular, 5- rarely 4-merous, diplo- 



or triplo-stemonous. Mostly shrubs, with opposite, pinnate, 



stipulate leaves. Family 56. Zygophyllacece, p. 544. 



^5. Anomalous families. Seeds mostly with endosperm. (The following three 



families are of unknown affinities.) 



/2. Flowers zygomorphic, with 2 staminal whorls ; anthers opening by pores. 

 Carpels 2, united. Petals 3( 5), united into a tube, dorsally open and 

 often crested. Sepals 5, the lateral pair becoming large wings. Endo- 

 sperm present or wanting. Family 57. Polygalacecz, Milkwort, p. 546. 

 /2. Flowers regular, mostly apetalous, monoecious or dioecious. Ovary 

 mostly tricoccous ; the ripe cocci often elastically springing from the 

 axis. Embryo large, in fleshy or oily endosperm. Herbs or shrubs 

 with milky juice, sometimes spinose. Family 58. Euphorbiaccce, p. 551. 

 /3. Small, aquatic herbs, with opposite, entire leaves, and minute, solitary 

 flowers, sessile in the axils. Stamen i ; ovary 4-celled, with 2 styles. 

 Family 59. Callitrichacece, Water Starwort, p. 556. 



e6. (Sapindales , including Celastralcs.} Like Geraniales, but having the seeds 

 turned round, so as to be either pendent with dorsal raphe and superior 

 micropyle, or ascending, with ventral raphe and inferior micropyle. Chiefly 

 woody plants. 



f. Flowers sepalo-petalous, radiate, monoecious or dioecious. Petals 3 ; sta- 

 mens 3. Gynecium iso- or plio-merous. Drupes black or red, with 6-9 

 nutlets. Heath-like evergreens. 



Family 60. Empetracece, Crowberry, p. 557. 



/2. Stamens 10; ovary 5- or lo-lobed, 5-styIed, becoming i-seeded cocci. 

 Shrubs with opposite or 3-whorled, estipulate leaves. 



Family 61. Coriaracea, p. 557. 

 /3. Sepalo-petalous or apetalous, radiate, small flowers. Gynecium tending 



to oligomery. Stamens on a disk. 



g. Leaves with resin-ducts. Flowers 3-7-merous, polygamous to herma- 

 phrodite. Fruit a small drupe ; cells i-seeded. Endosperm scanty 

 or none. Family 62. Anacardiacece, Sumach, p. 558. 



