274 THE MICROSCOPIST. 



The adenomata are generally innocent. The glands 

 which are most prone to increased growth are the cervical, 

 submaxillary, axillary, inguinal, and abdominal glands. 

 Sometimes several glands unite so as to form large lobu- 

 lated tumors. The enlargement of the spleen in ague is 

 probably of this nature. Leucocythgemic new formations 

 occur generally in the spleen, the lymph glands, and per- 

 haps the medulla of bones. 



2. Tubercle is an infiltrated or nodular new formation, 

 generally multiple, or miliary, non-vascular, round or ir- 

 regular, made up of large and small nuclei, indifferent 

 cells, and giant cells, imbedded in reticular tissue. After 

 long induration it passes into cheesy atrophy, or into soft- 

 ening, and produces not only local affections but also con- 

 stitutional disease (tuberculosis and scrofulosis). It was 

 formerly considered to be a specific non-inflammatory 

 growth originating spontaneously, and characterized by a 

 regular succession of changes, first gray and translucent, 

 then opaque, and finally caseous. Modern histologists re- 

 gard it as due to infection from the absorption of the 

 products of inflammatory processes. Caseation after fatty 

 degeneration (page 233) may become a focus of self-infec- 

 tion, so that caseation and tuhercle may occur side by 

 side. The nodules of tubercle are sometimes microscopic 

 in size, as in the liver or meninges of the brain. When 

 they reach the size of a millet-seed they are termed mili- 

 ary tubercles (gray tubercle, semi-translucent granulation). 

 If as large as a pea, cherry, egg, etc., they are large, tuber- 

 cles or conglomerate nodules. Still later they are known 

 as yellow tubercles, from their being yellow and cheesy in 

 the centre. 



In Fig. 223 is a view of two broncho-pneumonic depots, 

 the size of a millet-seed, illustrating a pseudo-tuberculous 

 condition. 



See also page 254, where catarrhal pneumonia is stated 

 to precede a caseous nodule. 



