15 



HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN. 



Holstein or Holstein-Friesian cattle are large, black-and-white 

 animals. Rather coarse-boned, rough and strong in appearance, they 

 are, withal, heavy milkers and the largest of the purely dairy breeds. 

 Coming, as their name indicates, from the low-lying, rich lands of 

 Holland, they are peculiarly well fitted for heavy and low-lying farms 

 in this country where they may be expected to prove more profitable 

 than the small finer breeds for general dairy farming. With proper 

 care and feeding, a fair cow of the breed should produce, when five 

 years old or over, from 8,000 to 10,000 Ibs. of milk in a year, though 

 there are records of cows yielding as high as 30,000 Ibs. in a like 

 period. 



It is probable that the Holstein-Friesian was introduced into 

 America by the Dutch who settled in what is now New York State, 

 since black-and-white cattle, known as Duftch cattle, have long been 

 owned in the New England States. Toward the end of the 18th 

 century, an importation, consisting of two bulls and six cows, was 

 made by the Holland Land Company which owned land in New York 

 State. Since then, frequent shipments have been made into both 

 the United States and Canada; toward the end of the last century, 

 however, these fell off to a large extent 



JERSEY. 



The Jersey, introduced into this country many years ago, must 

 always remain one of the most popular breeds of dairy cattle where 

 quality of product and beauty of individual are considered. In 

 appearance the Jersey is lean and muscular, the general outline 

 conforming to the dairy type. The colour is fawn, but runs through 

 many shades. 



The Island of Jersey, of something under 30,000 acres with 

 60,000 inhabitants, is the original home of the breed, some 10,000 

 individuals being kept there by the system of ' tethering.' The breed 

 probably sprang from the old Normandy or Brittany cattle though 

 there is no definite proof of this. The purity of the breed has been 

 jealously guarded by the natives of the island and, as far back as 

 1763, laws were passed prohibiting the importation of cattle of any 

 kind. Much improvement in the breed has also been effected by the 

 islanders, at first only along the lines of ' quality ' in milk. It was 

 not until 1865 that much, if any, thought was given to the produc- 



