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The question as to what extent a given bull may be used in the 

 herd is one of very great importance. Generally speaking, where 

 pure bred females are being used, it is not advisable to use a bull on 

 his own offspring. Cases might occur where in order to fix certain 

 very desirable peculiarities the use of the sire on one of the most 

 suitable, that is one of the most robust, of his own get might be per- 

 mitted or even recommended. In grade herds, however, especially 

 where the dams are of a nondescript character, the sire may fre- 

 quently be used on his own get with most satisfactory results. Under 

 such circumstances, the infusion of the entirely new blood of the sire 

 is likely to lend vigour and growthiness to the offspring and so permit 

 of his being used on the first generation with a view to getting as 

 much as possible of the superior blood of the sire into the females 

 of the herd it is desired to improve. 



The writer has seen thip line of breeding followed in several 

 cases and has tried it in his own herd with gratifying results. It 

 is often asserted that weaklings result from such crosses, but this is 

 likely to be true only when pure breds of a peculiarly, weak character 

 are the subjects chosen with which to work. 



In selecting bulls, care should be taken to choose animals uniform 

 in type, since in this way only may one hope to achieve the honour 

 and reap the advantage of having a uniform and distinctive herd. 

 It is also necessary to bear in mind any weakness it is desired to 

 correct and to secure a sire well developed where the herd or some 

 animals thereof are weak. These aims are of course in addition to, 

 or rather in connection with, the ever-present and all-important 

 consideration of improving the milking qualities of the breed and 

 more particularly of the herd in question. 



THE FINANCIAL SIDE. 



Too great cost is the objection most commonly put forward by 

 the farmer hesitant about the purchase of a good dairy bull. A 

 consideration of the business side of the venture should do much to 

 convince the dairyman that the investment of even a considerable 

 sum in the purchase of a first class dairy bull is money quite wisely 

 and most profitably spent. 



Experience has demonstrated over and over again that heiferg 

 sired by a really good dairy bull are capable of producing from 5 to 

 10 Ibs. a day more milk than heifers sired! by scrub bulls and from 



