CHAPTER XIY. 



NON-VOCAL LANGUAGE. 



THE principal forms of non- vocal language the chief modes 

 of expression of thought or feeling, other than those which 

 consist in the emission of sounds of various kinds are the 

 following : 



1. Actions movement or motion including gesture and 

 gesticulation, attitude and posture, gait, carriage, mien, 

 manner, deportment or demeanour, conduct or behaviour. 



a. General, involving the whole or greater part of the 

 body : e.g. 



1 . Capers or antics, gambols, frolic, frisking. 



E.g. in young animals generally, such as the 

 lamb, puppy, and kitten ; but also in many 

 adult birds in the season of love ; in the 

 adult rabbit and dog, ape and chimpanzee. 



2. Skipping, leaping or jumping, bounding, scamper- 



ing, racing or running, coursing, charging or 

 careering. 



E.g. in the dog, horse, and cattle. 



3. Dancing, hopping, prancing, plunging, flinging, 



rearing. 



E.g. in the horse, hare, mongoose, certain 

 monkeys, dog, and goat. 



4. Prostration, crouching, grovelling, cowering, 



crawling, cringing, fawning. 



E.g. in the dog, cat, and mouse. 



5. Self-concealment or hiding, flight, sneaking, 



skulking, slinking, shirking, or shrinking. 

 E.g. in the dog, cat, and orang. 

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