310 NON-VOCAL LANGUAGE. 



dog, cat, horse, ox, and other Ru- 

 minants ; sparrows and various other 

 birds. 



2. Erection, inflation, expansion, or elevation, with their 

 opposite condition of depression, of various dermal appendages, 

 including especially 



a. Hair, bristles, and quills. 



E.g. in the lion, hog or boar, dog and cat, 

 certain caterpillars, porcupine, and hedge- 

 hog. 



b. Feathers, including ruffs. 



E.g. in ruffling or other displays of plumage 

 in birds. 



c. Spurs, combs, wattles, crests, hoods, frills of the 



head, neck, or throat. 



E.g. in the cockatoo, frill lizard, bladdernose 

 seal, rook. 



d. Head, neck, throat, or breast puffing, swelling, 



dilatation, or distension. 



E.g. in certain serpents and lizards, such as 

 the Egyptian cobra and the anobis, the 

 pouter and other pigeons. 



3. Coloration and decoloration of the skin of the face 

 or throat, or their appendages such as wattles, combs, 

 feathers, bristles, or hair including 



a. Hypercemia increase of blood-colour by con- 



gestion or determination of blood, leading to 

 flushing, blushing, and reddening. 



E.g. in the mandrill and other baboons, dog, 

 turkey cock (wattle). 



b. Ancemia decrease of blood-colour from sudden 



local removal of blood-supply, leading to pallor 

 or colour-loss. 



E.g. in the stickleback. 



c. Other colour-change. 



E.g. in the chameleon, anobis, and other 

 lizards. 



4. Cutaneous or other exudations, such as sweat, in- 

 cluding the emission of coloured fluids. 



