108 SCIENCE OF FISHING. 



what like a teamster cracks a long-lashed whip near the 

 lead-team's ears. 



In addition to the overhead cast there is the side cast, 

 which is made in the same way except that the rod is swept 

 out at a level or nearly so from one side or the other, in- 

 stead of vertically, as in the overhead cast. This cast is 

 useful in fishing under overhanging trees, but such long 

 casts cannot be made in this way. 



Another way to cast a fly a short distance, especially 

 good when fishing small streams where the brush overhang, 

 is to hold the fly between the thumb and first finger of the 

 left hand, and, pointing the rod out towards where you 

 want to cast to, pull back on the fly to bend the rod tip 

 back, then release the fly and the spring of the rod sends 

 it out the length of the line. 



Still another way of casting a fly that is quite popular 

 and especially good where trees interfere with the over- 

 head cast is what is called the roll cast. 



Some line is drawn from the reel, as in the other 

 methods, enough so that when the rod is raised to the 

 perpendicular or a little beyond, the line will still rest on 

 the water. Raise the rod as mentioned, slowly, until it 

 'points straight upward or a little back over the shoulder, 

 then pause an instant so that the line stops in its dragging 

 motion, and make a quick snappy forward and downward 

 cast. This throws a high curve in the line, which rolls 

 forward, lifting the leader and fly from the water, up over 

 the curve and out beyond to the length of the line. At the 

 end of each cast a few yards of line should be drawn from 

 the reel, before making another cast and the distance will 

 be extended in this way each time. This is a very good cast 

 for the angler to learn. The fly may also be cast to either 

 side in the same way. 



The kind of casting to practice depends much on the 

 nature of the water where your fishing is done. If you fish 



