COMMERCIAL FISHING. 241 



as a food fish, is especially abundant in the Great Lakes. 

 This fish is taken principally in gill nets and pound nets. 

 POLLACK The pollack, a food fish of importance, is 

 found mainly off the New England coast. It sometimes 

 appears as far south as Virginia. The average weight is 

 about 10 pounds. The sounds are used in the manufacture 

 of glue, the livers are sold in large quantities for the manu- 

 facture of oil, and the tongues are cut out and sold fresh. 

 The catch is taken principally in the vessel fisheries and 

 the most important apparatus used are lines. 



SALMON The salmon of the Atlantic coast is found 

 along the coast of the New England states. At different 

 ages this fish is known as 'parra", "smolts", "grilse", "kelts", 

 and "salmon". The adults weigh from 15 to 40 pounds. The 

 land-locked salmon, or fresh-water salmon is found, as the 

 name implies, in fresh waters, generally land-locked. The 

 steel-head is found in coastal streams from San Francisco 

 northward. The blue-black salmon is found on the Pacific 

 coast from the Columbia River northward; and the Cali- 

 fornia salmon, or chinook salmon, or quinnat, is found from 

 Monterey to Alaska. The dog salmon ranges from the 

 Sacramento River to Behring Strait ; the humpbacked salmon, 

 or lost salmon from the Sacramento River to Alaska; and 

 the silver salmon or white salmon is found in all rivers from 

 the Sacramento River to Behring Strait. 



Next to oysters, salmon is the most important of the 

 fishery products. Most of the salmon catch is made on 

 the Pacific coast. 



SHAD The common shad is found on all the coasts 

 of the United States and in some inland waters, the most 

 important shad fisheries being in the rivers of the Atlantic 

 slope. The average weight is about 4 pounds and the aver- 

 age length about 2 feet. Among fish proper it is surpassed 



16 



