INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC HEALTH 



Thus attempts in popular education in personal hygiene 

 are being made in many countries and by various 

 methods. The movement is still in the stage of experi- 

 ment and demonstration. There are some signs of 

 definite accomplishment in this field, but much re- 

 mains to be done in the way of testing the material and 

 methods of instruction before the campaign can be 

 pushed with complete conviction and hope of perma- 

 nent success. But this is inevitable unless control from 

 without is to be substituted for mere self-direction. No 

 one advocates the course of compulsion except with 

 respect to well-established conditions of contagious dis- 

 ease which call for the exercise of the police power of 

 the community in the interests of all. 



The essential task of training health officers and the 

 various technical experts who form the staff of a modern 

 health organization is being put upon a professional 

 basis. The School of Hygiene and Public Health of 

 Johns Hopkins University, the new School of Public 

 Health of Harvard University, the School for Nurses of 

 Yale University, the training centres at the University 

 of Toronto and at London, Ontario, the new School of 

 Hygiene which is being established in London under the 

 auspices of the British Government, the Institutes of 

 Hygiene at Prague and Warsaw, and many other in- 

 stitutions of a similar sort are equipped to give a 

 thorough professional training, both in the fundamental 

 sciences which underlie modern hygiene and in the prac- 

 tical application of scientific knowledge to the problems 

 of control and administration in the field. Through a 

 system of interchange of health officers being carried 



