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PATAGONIAN EXPEDITIONS: ZOOLOGY. 



GYMNOTUS Linnaeus. 1 



Giton Kaup. 



Type : Gymnotus carapo Linnaeus. 

 Range that of the single species. 

 Ai. Gymnotus carapo Linnaeus. 



Gymnotus fasciatus Pallas; Gymnotus 

 albus Pallas; Gymnotus brachyurus 

 Bloch; Gymnotus putaol Lacepede; 

 Carapus brachyurus Cuvier ; Carapus 

 inaquilabiatus Valenciennes. 

 Habitat: Rio Motagua south to Rio de 



La Plata and San Francisco. 

 2. Gymnotus carapo pantherinus (Stein- 



dachner), St., 1908^ 



Habitat: Santos. 



STERNOPYGUS Miiller & Troschel. 

 Type : Sternopygus macrurus ( Bloch & 

 Schneider) . 



Range : Paraguay and Rio San Fran- 

 cisco to Magdalena and Guayaquil. 

 Ai. Sternopygus macrurus Bloch & Schnei- 

 der. 



Carapus arenatus Eydoux Souleyet; 

 Carapus sanguinolentus Castelnau ; 

 Sternopygus marcgravii Reinhardt; 

 Gymnotus carapus Giinther and other 

 recent authors non Linnaeus. 

 Habitat: Orinoco, south to Paraguay 



and Rio das Velhas. 

 2. Sternopygus aequilabiatus (Humboldt). 



Habitat: Magdalena and Guayaquil. 

 A3. Sternopygus obtusirostris Steindachner. 



Habitat: Amazons and Rio Puty. 

 4. Sternopygus cequilabiatus nigriceps von 



Ihering, v. I., 1907. 



Habitat: State of Maraubam. 



Family ELECTROPHORIDyE. 



ELECTROPHORUS Gill. Ai. Electrophorus electricus (Linnaeus), 



Type: Gymnotus electricus Linnaeus. Giinther, VIII, 10. 



Range that of the single species. Habitat : Brazil and northward. 



Order SYNBRANCHIA. 

 Family SYNBRANCHID^E. 



SYNBRANCHUS Bloch. 



Unibranchapterura Lacepede ; Ophister- 

 non McClelland ; Tetrabranchus 

 Bleeker. 



1 In a recent paper (The Gymnotidae, Proc. Wash. 

 Acad. Sci., VII, p. 174) I followed Gill in using the 

 name Gymnotus for the current Gymnotus carapo 

 Linnaeus, this species being the only one described 

 by Linnaeus in his tenth edition. No doubt seems to 

 have been entertained about the nature of the Gymnotus 

 carapo of Linnaeus and its supposed synonymy and 

 bibliography were given in the paper quoted above, 

 P- 175- 



Mr. Lonnberg has kindly called my attention to his 

 paper (Bihang till K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handb., 

 XXII, Afd. IV, 23, 1896) on Linnean Type-specimens 

 in which he has shown that the type of Linnaeus is 

 not the current Gymnotus carapo, but the Gymnotus 

 fasciatus of Pallas or Giton fasciatus Auct. The latter 



Type : Synbranchus marmoratus Bloch. 

 Range : Tropical America and Indies. 

 Ai. Synbranchus marmoratus Bloch, 



Meek, 89. 

 Synbranchus immaculatus Bloch ; S. 



species must therefore stand as Gymnotus carapo Lin- 

 naeus, the name Gymnotus replacing the more recent 

 Giton. 



The current Gymnotus carapus must be known by its 

 oldest name, which is macrurus Bloch & Schneider. 

 Miiller & Troschel in 1849 proposed the name Sterno- 

 pygus for macrurus, tumifrons, virescens, lineatus, and 

 aquilabiatus. In 1894 I selected as the type of Sterno- 

 pygus the then current carapo, of which macrurus was 

 a synonym. The fact that the name carapo of Linnaeus 

 did not refer to the species under consideration need 

 not invalidate this restriction, since there was no doubt 

 whatever about the fish that was intended to serve as 

 type. It may stand as Sternopygus macrurus (Bloch & 

 Schneider) . 



