924 PATAGONIAN EXPEDITIONS: BOTANY. 



Swedish expedition (1895-97) under O. Nordenskqjld, though chiefly 

 geological, had Mr. Per Dusen as its botanist, who made independent 

 excursions to Patagonia, Chili and Fuegia, and whose publications on 

 the Bryophytes and Flowering Plants have done much to extend our 

 knowledge of the general character of the flora. 



Dusen had been previously employed by the Chilian Government as a 

 member of an exploring party along the River Aysen, and on the Guai- 

 tecas Islands, and thereby had an opportunity to study the forest-vegeta- 

 tion, and particularly the rich undergrowth of mosses and ferns which are 

 characteristic of the rainy western coast. His later collections were made 

 first about Puerto Madryn (43 20' S. Lat. on the east shore), from the 

 xerophil coast and the drifting sand ; next along the Rio Chubut, near its 

 mouth ; and by the mouths of Rio Sta. Cruz and Rio Gallegos ; and about 

 Punta Arenas and Porvenir across the Strait from Punta Arenas, and at 

 Paramo, Rio Grande and neighbouring parts of Fuegia ; next at Admiralty 

 Sound, and at Rio Azopardo, and in West Magellan, in Desolation Island, 

 particularly near Puerto Angosto just east of that island, on the narrowest 

 part of the strait. Late in the season, and at a very unfavorable time in that 

 climate for collecting (May i), he reached Ushuaia on the Beagle Channel, 

 whence he returned to Punta Arenas. His collections, and those made by 

 Nordenskjold along the Gallegos, and at Ultima Esperanza and Lago 

 Sarmiento, have been already worked and partially reported on, as to the 

 Phanerogams and Bryophytes. The same report also includes a collec- 

 tion by Bruno Ansorge who had been engaged at Goldmines of Paramo 

 on the Atlantic coast of Fuegia. 



The Princeton University Expeditions (Dr. J. B. Hatcher and O. A. 

 Peterson, 1895-96) were almost simultaneous with the Swedish, and in 

 large measure over part of the same ground, penetrating farther up the 

 Eastern Cordilleras, with the natural result that the collections are not 

 very dissimilar, and that most of the new species have been described in 

 the Swedish reports. As Professor Evans and Mr. Dusen have shown 

 above, the Hepaticae and Musci contain interesting novelties. As to the 

 phanerogams the most interesting novelties have been described in their 

 place in Part V of this volume. 



In the season 1899-1900 Mr. Barnum Brown collected chiefly Flower- 

 ing Plants along Rio Gallegos, and Cryptogams in Fuegia, near the 

 Beagle Channel and on western coast and islands of Fuegia. This col- 



