322 GEOGRAPHICAL BOTANY. 



Of monographs upon individual groups of plants, in 

 which attention is paid to their geographical distribution, 

 published during the past year, the following require 

 mention: Parlatore on the Fumariacese (Giornale Botan. 

 Ital., i, p. 97 et seq.); v. Martins, on the Erythroxylaceae 

 (Bairische Abhandl., iii, pp. 325-32); Lomler, on the 

 Distribution of the Coniferse (Ratisbon Mora, 1844, 

 pp. 440-3). 



Fumariacece. Only 1 3 species ; these are distributed 

 throughout both temperate zones, for the most part, 

 indeed, secondarily transferred from one region to the 

 other. With the exception of the Cape Discocapnus, they 

 all grow in the South of Europe, between the 34th and 

 40th degrees of latitude, and diminish so rapidly from 

 this zone in both meridional directions, that beyond the 

 50th degree, 3 species only are met with; a statement 

 which, however, is not correct as regards Germany. 

 Spain contains several endemic forms. 



Erytliroxylacea. Of 58 species of the genus Ery- 

 tliroxylon, Brazil contains 29; the West In dies, 8; Guiana,?; 

 Columbia, 4 ; and Mexico and Peru, one each ; hence 

 tropical America contains 50 altogether : 5 species grow 

 in Madagascar and the Mauritius, single representatives 

 at the Cape, in the East Indies, and on the north coast 

 of New Holland. In America the district of their distri- 

 bution extends from the tropic of Cancer to that of Capri- 

 corn, in the Old World, from 15N. lat. to 30 S. lat. 



Conifer a. Lomler enumerates only 208 species. Of 

 these, he calculated that 165 exist in the northern and 

 51 in the southern hemisphere ; moreover, there are 22 

 in Europe, 87 in Asia, 16 in Africa, 83 in America, and 

 35 in Australia; lastly, 24 in the tropic zone, 159 in the 

 north temperate, and 33 in the south temperate zone. 

 These statements can only be regarded as preliminary 

 steps to our knowledge on this point. 



