BOTANICAL GEOGRAPHY. 435 



possess a wide climatic sphere, and also means of more easy diffusion by the 

 air ; but how the first question can be decided by personal observation, I do 

 not understand, inasmuch as a plant may be diffused equally as luxuriantly 

 and generally on a secondary as on a primary locality, as e. g. the thistle of 

 the Pampas of Buenos Ayres teaches us, which in the Old World, where it is 

 indigenous, is found at individual spots only, whilst in the former place it 

 covers the plains in the most intimate community. The conclusion of this 

 important work is formed by a catalogue of the names of all the Phaneroga- 

 mia hitherto found in Wurtemberg, without the localities ; it contains only 

 1287 species, i. e. more than 100 species less than are known (according to 

 my manuscript) in the kingdom of Hanover : hence Mohl appears to be jus- 

 tified in the opinion, that many remain to be discovered in Wurtemberg. 



The Topography of the Upper Pinzgau (see Ann. Rep. 

 for 1840), contains a work by A. Sauter, with which 

 I am only at present acquainted from Beilschmied's 

 Abstract (Ratisbon Flora, 1845, pp. 501-7), upon the 

 botanico-geographical relations of this district, which in- 

 cludes the longitudinal valley of the upper Salzach, between 

 the Tauern and the clay-slate alps of Kitzbiihl. 



It contains, in addition to lists of the more rare species, a sketch of the 

 botanical regions, but the source of the altitudes given is not stated. 1. Region 

 of the cultivated country. 2400' 4000' on the south side, 3000' on the 

 north side of the mountain. Pasture land alternates there with forests ; 

 meadows and fields are more rare. Most of the deciduous trees, and Alnus 

 imana is very common, do not ascend higher. 2. Forest region. On the 

 average 3500' 5500'. Finns abies, however, which constitutes the main 

 part, appears only to thrive as high as 5000', P. Picea at 4000', whilst 

 P. Cembra here and there covers the upper slopes, and in the Tauern chain 

 ascends as high as 6000', the same height as P. Larix. 3. Alpine Region. 

 On the average, 5503' 8000'. It also contains but few meadow surfaces, 

 mostly naked rocks and detritus. The sub-alpine forests do not form a 

 dense zone there; Rhododendron ferrugineum occurs in groups as far as 

 6000'; dwarf willows, Empetrum, Arctostaphylos, and Azalea procumbens, as 

 far as 7000'. 



Perini read a paper on the Botanical Regions of Trient, 

 in the south of Tyrol, before the Association of Italian 

 Naturalists (Atti di VI riunione, p. 460). 



L. v. Heufler has described a botanical excursion in 

 the north of Istria (Die Golazberge in der Tschitscherei. 

 Triest, 1845, 4to). 



