492 SYSTEMATIC BOTANY. 



from Ireland ; Gottschea N. = June. Sect, nemerosse aligerse ; Sphagncecetis 

 N. = /. Sphagni Dies, and others ; Liochlaena N. .= /. lanceolata ; Micro- 

 pterygium = J. Pterygophillum, &c.; Polyotus G. = June. sp. Hook, and Tayl., 

 from the South Sea ; Thysananthus Ld. = Trullania Sect. Bryopteris; Ompha- 

 lanthus = Jung. sp. American, &c.; Androcryphia N. = Noteroclada Tayl., 

 Carpolipum N. = Carpobohis Schwein. 



LICHENS. Montagne describes the new genus Stegobolus from Cumming's 

 collection from the Philippine Isles (Lond. Journ. of Bot., 1845, p. 4). The 

 new Myriangium, described by Montagne and Berkeley, belongs to the Col- 

 lemacese ; it is found in the Pyrenees, Algiers, and the Swan River (ib. p. 72); 

 it forms a transition to the Fungi, resembling externally a Dothidea. 



ALG.E. After the tetraspores of Eloridea? had been pointed out in the 

 Eucoideae, Montagne was the first to find them also in one of the Confervse, 

 the genus Thwaitesia Mont, discovered in Algiers by Durieu, which only differs 

 from Zygnema in this character (Compt. rendus, 1845, Oct.); however, the 

 genus has since been rendered doubtful by the discovery of tetraspores also in 

 several other Zygnemese (Revue Botan., 1846, p. 469). Decaisne and Thuret 

 have been engaged in the investigation of the antheridia of the Eucoideae, and 

 have shown that the contrast between them and the sporangia is as great as in 

 the Charts or Mosses (Ann. sc. nat. iii, pp. 5-15, pi. I, II). C. Muller has 

 investigated the history of the development of the Charce (Bot. Zeit., Nos. 

 24-7, pi. III). The large cell of the sporangium, filled with starch, should 

 be regarded as a spore surrounded by a capsule, consisting of two layers of 

 cells, which, on germination, protrudes through its envelopes (figs. 4, 6). 

 Even before this a cytoblast appears in the place of the starch, hence the 

 turbid fluid existing in a smaller cell situated beneath the spore, and inclosed 

 with it in the sporangium (figs. 1, 2), probably plays an important part. 

 From the commencement, the axis developes itself, although a mere ceDular 

 thread, in two opposite directions, as root and stem ; this has been observed 

 by Kaulfuss, and Nageli has shown the same thing in the case of the cell of 

 Caulerpa. At a subsequent period, "new" individuals are developed from 

 the adventitious roots of the lower cells of the stem (turiones, according to 

 fig. 10). At a much later period the whorled branches and cortical cells of 

 the stem of Chara are developed, which the author has traced into the 

 terminal bud ; the former arise from the longitudinal subdivision of the cel- 

 lular contents of the terminal cell (fig. 12), the latter from a growth of the 

 branch just as in the Batrachosperms. Eresenius has published a memoir 

 upon the structure of the Oscillatorise, in which a critical history of the 

 observations relating to these plants is contained (Mus. Senckenberg, iii, 

 pp. 263, 292). New genera of Algse: Eucoideae: CymaduseDecs. Thur. (Ann. 

 sc. nat. iii, 3, p. 12) = Fucus tuberculatus Huds.; Pelvetia D. Th. (ib.) = 

 F. canaliculatus ; Ozothallia D. Th. (ib.) = F. nodosus L. (Physocaulon Kiitz.), 

 so that Fucus vesiculosm and serratus are all that remain in the genus; Pinnaria 



