THE SURVEY 485 



all belonging to the same foreign race, such as a German settle- 

 ment. A specially genial hospitality in one prominent home 

 may kindle the spirit of neighborliness in homes nearby and 

 give name to the neighborhood, such as the Brown neighbor- 

 hood. 



A community, on the other hand, is made up of all the homes 

 which try to meet, in connection with each other at a common 

 center, the fundamental common needs, such as food, clothing, 

 implements, money, high school education, religious instruction, 

 amusement, fraternal organization. The center of the commu- 

 nity is usually a village ranging in population from 300 to 3,000 

 people and it serves a community area ranging from 16 to 100 

 square miles. 



The people living in the village, on the whole, are engaged in 

 business mainly to supply the needs of the outlying farm homes 

 of that community. The village center is the pantry, safe, shop, 

 medicine chest, play-house, altar, of the community at large. 

 The village homes in thus serving the scattered homes of the 

 rural population as social agents of trade, education, health, 

 amusement, etc., are distinctly a part of the country community 

 itself. 



Important Social Agencies. In every rural community will 

 be found from ten to forty different organizations, such as 

 schools, churches, library, Sunday Schools, lodges, study clubs, 

 breeders' association, band, baseball teams, and the like. These 

 are the important social agencies of community life. A club or 

 society or other organization is a social machine which brings 

 the power of a number of people to bear all at once on an im- 

 portant common interest, and brings results to the people con- 

 cerned which no one of them could get by acting alone. A list 

 of the permanent organizations found in a community will show 

 what large interests are considered important there, and will 

 also show just how far this community has been successful in 

 applying the associative principle to its common life. 



A Community Photograph. A social survey is an attempt 

 to photograph, so to speak, the community so as to show every 

 home in all its social connections with all other homes in the com- 

 munity. A glance at this socialized community photograph will 

 reveal the lines of strong, healthy socialization and at the same 



