ARTIFICIAL INSANITY. 69 



One of the best known of the ' special correspondents ' of 

 the London Press Archibald Forbes, of the ' Daily News,' 

 who accompanied the Prince of Wales in his Indian tour in 

 1875-6, speaking of the Baroda sports and of the arena 

 fighting of wild buffaloes, thus describes the suffering that 

 must have resulted from the loss of a horn close to the scalp. 

 ' The agony must be horrible. The blood streams from the 

 raw pith on to the sand. But the fighting demon is rampant 



and he battles madly on Dashing blindly 



against the barricade, he half staggers, half crouches under 



it Mad with pain and terror, he rushes out into the 



open, the scared populace flying wildly from his infuriated 

 track.' l Eeferring to the same royal ' sports ' the ' Saturday 

 Review ' 2 commented on the fact that elephants were ' tor- 

 tured into ferocity in order to gratify a craving for excitement' 

 in the highest representative of the educated Englishman, 

 for the benefit of England's future king ! The reviewer 

 very properly characterises these beast-fights as ' odious and 

 repulsive exhibitions.' 



The bull-fights of Spain and the dog-fights of England 

 are other and more familiar examples of the literal goading 

 or torturing into fury of various genera and species of ani- 

 mals merely for man's enjoyment. 



We read of the 



Young and savage Bull by salt and goading maddened 



in the modern Spanish arena; while in the Coliseum of 

 ancient Rome red-hot goads, whips, or other instrumental 

 tortures, as well as starvation and the display of obnoxious 

 colours, were all used in the production of the desired 

 ferocity. 



Quite as familiar in the streets of all our towns, though 

 having its origin more in ignorance probably than in wanton 

 cruelty, is the infuriation of runaway dogs or oxen by the 

 rough persecution of the hue and cry * mad.' The poor un- 

 fortunate beast is hooted, chased, pelted, and at last driven 

 to bay ; and it is not surprising that a dangerous furiosity 

 should be engendered in sheer self-defence. 



Those forms or kinds of mental defect or derangement 



1 'Athenaeum,' December 18, 1875, p. 831. 2 In December 1875. 



