88 INTOXICATION. 



animals intended to figlit for man's sport. It has the useful 

 property of contributing courage where it did not previously 

 exist or would not have been exhibited, of adding to or 

 intensifying it when it already exists. It would appear to 

 generate, in other animals as in man, a spurious or Dutch 

 courage where real courage, moral or physical, does not 

 exist ; but it is always apt to do more than this to generate 

 fury or ferocity of a kind that may prove as dangerous to 

 man as to the combatant animals that are made the unwit- 

 ting subjects of his sport. 



Alcoholic stimulants are frequently given as bribes or 

 rewards for good service to man as in the case of the 

 elephant with arrack. But the use of the bribe in such a 

 case evidently presupposes a previously acquired taste on 

 the part of the animal for the spirit. 



Intoxication by means of alcoholic drinks is frequently 

 produced artificially and intentionally by man for the pur- 

 pose of capture for instance, of certain monkeys. And occa- 

 sionally the beer or other attractive liquor used is drugged 

 with some narcotic, so that the stupifying effect is not wholly 

 alcoholic. Thus drugged beer is employed in the capture 

 of certain monkeys in Abyssinia (Manley and Parkyns). 

 The monkeys of Darfur (Africa) are inordinately fond of 

 beer, and avail themselves of every opportunity of making it 

 the means of a debauch. Under its use they readily become 

 victims of inebriation, and display certain follies of inebriety 

 that are favourable to man's schemes for their capture. 

 Their memory, senses, ideas, become confused ; they fail to 

 distinguish the negroes from themselves ; they cling stupidly 

 to each other, using their paws as hands, 'following the 

 lead ' like so many sheep ; they allow themselves, in short, 

 to be taken wherever their captors may desire. 



Dogs, monkeys, horses, elephants, and other animals, are 

 not unfrequently deliberately taught to tipple by man, the 

 unfortunate brutes taking to the practice with a relish or 

 gusto that delights their senseless tutor. Thus Le Vaillant 

 tells us how certain baboons in this way became regular 

 topers ; and Watson how a certain elephant was treated to 

 an evening glass of spirits along with its master. 



