182 PHYSIOGNOMY OF DISEASE. 



2. Look dull, stupid, vacant. 



3. Assaults on both dog and shepherd, including a ten- 

 dency to bite, an obviously abnormal propensity in the sheep. 



4. Anorexia. 



5. Unsteadiness of gait, with gyration. 



6. Death by paralysis, coma, or convulsion. 



Most usually there is equal change of aspect and be- 

 haviour, of facial physiognomy and muscular movement, in 

 various forms of internal disease in the lower animals. Thus 

 both in rabies and certain forms of insanity wildness or 

 fierceness is expressed equally by eye or look, and manner or 

 actions. 



There are certain bodily diseases that are apt to be con- 

 founded with insanity, from their being preceded or accom- 

 panied by the same kind of mental symptoms. These diseases 

 include the following : 



1. Acute inflammations of the brain or its membranes, 

 including especially 



a. Phrenitis, or < mad staggers ' of the sheep ; and 



b. The c frenzy ' or ' brain fever ' of the lamb, both 

 according to Youatt. 



2. Hydatids in the brain, which cause (e.g.) the ' sturdy ' 

 of sheep. 



3. Various functional disorders of the brain or general 

 nervous system. 



4. Acute inflammations of the spinal cord or its mem- 

 branes. 



5. General fevers, such as the various forms of typhus or 

 distemper. 



6. General systemic or blood disorders, such as rabies. 



