PKODUCED BY MENTAL CAUSES. 273 



out by the observant White. Hence music, kindness in 

 short, all influences that tend to mental composure or 

 serenity, to an easy mind and contented spirit, to personal 

 happiness or pleasure, tend also and thereby to bodily 

 soundness, to the healthy condition and the most nutritive 

 quality of milk and flesh. Even then, when he is merely 

 breeding the ox or pig for the meat-market, it is man's best 

 policy, in a money point of view, to deal with them gently 

 and kindly. 



What may properly be called the psychological or moral 

 treatment of food-animals for the sake even of their food 

 which is only one, however, of the good objects to be gained 

 cannot be said yet to have attracted attention in this or 

 other countries. Nevertheless enough has been said, it is 

 hoped, to show why it deserves notice, and how it may prove 

 efficient in money- saving and in health-giving. 



Pierquin gives a suggestive case of a cow in which sale 

 to a new proprietor, involving removal from its master, pro- 

 duced at once a series of marked physical and mental effects, 

 including sadness, passing into melancholia, food-refusal, and 

 consequent muscular or bodily wasting. The animal's market 

 value had already become materially diminished, when timely 

 and judicious means were adopted for its recovery, simply by 

 re-selling and returning it to its former owner. With the 

 restoration of happiness that resulted, flesh, strength, spirits 

 and no doubt milk-giving quality all speedily returned, an 

 important, though typically common, illustration of the 

 simplicity of treatment indicated or required in so many of 

 the mental and physical disorders of animals the removal 

 namely of the obvious cause of disorder and restoration to 

 the status quo. 



An interesting class of physical effects of mental states 

 of imagination on the one hand, and of the shock of fright 

 on the other is to be found in the impression created on 

 pregnant mothers, and by them transmitted to, and organised 

 in, their offspring. This is a wide and suggestive subject, 

 one that does not appear to have been studied with the same 

 care, or to the same extent, among the lower animals as in 

 man. But that the same kinds of impressions are produced 



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