ENUMERATION OF ANIMALS. 421 



different species and genera, it is a serious error of omission in those 

 authors who give themselves no trouble to ascertain and record, 

 along with their observations or comments, the Latin name of the 

 species whose habits they are describing. It is only by the use 

 of these convenient binomials that the animals referred to 'can be 

 identified by readers, even if they be naturalists, of different 

 nationalities. 



In the case of such animals as the dog, horse, ass, mule, sheep, 

 cattle or common fowls, comparatively little harm is done by the 

 omission of the Latin or scientific name of the species ; because, as 

 a rule, there is a single genus with few species, and the circum- 

 stances of the animal's life, when these are recorded, its native 

 country, its being domestic, tame, captive or wild, will or may lead 

 the experienced naturalist to the determination of the species. But 

 not necessarily ; for under the heads of dog and sheep, for instance, 

 in the following catalogue, I have retained some of the old sub- 

 specific names that are still considered distinctive. Even when we 

 know both genus and species, such a general designation as dog 

 leaves us in ignorance of the breed a matter of moment to the 

 Comparative Psychologist, considering the remarkable psychical 

 differences that so frequently characterise both breeds and indi- 

 viduals. 



II. The exclusive use of other classes of popular names whether 

 colonial, native or foreign ; designations that are just as vague and 

 objectionable when standing alone as common English designations. 



III. The non-use of ilie Latin, scientific or zoological, specific 

 and generic name of every animal. With the exception of scientific 

 traveller-naturalists, of the class represented by Darwin, Wallace, 

 Houzeau, and Belt, there are very few authors of any kind who 

 give the modern or current Latin names of the animals whose 

 character they portray. 



It so happens that, in certain cases, the proper scientific name 

 cannot yet be assigned, because the animals described by travellers 

 have not yet been examined by zoological experts. And this is the 

 case unfortunately with certain animals of the highest interest in a 

 psychological point of view for instance, in that of the Soko of 

 central tropical Africa, mentioned by Livingstone in his " Last 

 Journals," and which is probably a species of Troglodytes a gorilla 

 or chimpanzee. 



Unfortunately, most waiters are equally careless in giving the 

 other, obviously very necessary, details specified in the other 

 columns of the following table. 



IV. Where Latin names are given they have sometimes been 



