192 MOSSES AND LIVERWORTS. 



EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. 



PLATE I. Fissidens limbatus. 



Fig. 1, plants of the natural size; 2, 2, plants ; 3, 3, stem leaves ; 4, 5, base and apex of stem 

 leaves, showing the areolation ; 6, cross sections of stem leaf; 7, capsules ; 8, portion of capsule, 

 with the peristome viewed from without ; 9, the same viewed from within ; 10, portion of capsule 

 wall, showing the areolation ; 11, a tooth of the peristome ; all magnified, except fig. 1. 



PLATE I.- Leptodon circinatus. 



Fig. 1, plant in a moist state ; 2, the same when dry, both of the natural size ; 3, portions of 

 primary branch and of a branchlet, the former having sterile flowers in the axils of its leaves ; 



4, leaf of a branchlet ; 5, 6, base and apex of a leaf showing the areolation ; 7, 7, cross sections 

 of leaf ; 8, cells of the leaf; 9, 9, paraphyllia ; 10, sterile flower ; 11, the same without perigonial 

 leaves ; 12, perigonial leaves ; 13, antheridium with paraphysis ; all enlarged, except figs. 1 and 2. 



PLATE II. Barbula bachyphylla. 



Fig. 1, a sterile and two fertile plants, natural size; 2, a fertile plant ; 3, upper portion of the 

 sterile plant showing the terminal perigonium, with a portion of an innovation ; 4, a peri- 

 chastium, with an innovation from its base ; 5, 5, leaves from upper part of the stem ; 6, leaf 

 from lower part of stem ; 7, perichfetial leaf; 8, 9, base and apex of a stem leaf, showing the 

 areolation ; 10, cross sections of a stem leaf; 11, capsule, operculum, and calyptra ; 12, capsule 

 and operculum; 13, two peristomes ; 14, portions of peristome and annulus ; 15, portion of a 

 tooth of the peristome ; 16, portion of the annulus ; 17, antheridia and paraphyses, perigonial 

 leaves, excepting one, removed ; 18, antheridium, paraphysis, and perigonial leaf; all magnified, 

 except fig. 1. 



PLATE III. Barbula semitorta. 



Fig. 1, plants of the natural size; 2, a plant ; 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, stem leaves ; 4, a perichjetial leaf; 



5, 6, base and apex of stem leaf, showing the areolation ; 7, 7, cross sections of leaf ; 8, vaginula 

 with archegonia paraphysis and a portion of the pedicel ; 9, archegonium and paraphysis ; 10, 

 10, capsules with opercula and calyptra ; 11, calyptra ; 12, 12, peristomes ; 13, portions of the 

 peristome and annulus ; 14, 15, portions of the teeth of the peristome ; all magnified, except fig. 1 . 



PLATE IV. Grimmia Californica. 



Fig. 1, a sterile and three fertile plants, natural size ; 2, a fertile plant ; 3, apex of the stem 

 bearing the pericha3tium vaginula, pedicel, capsule, operculum, and calyptra ; 4, capsule oper- 

 culum, and calyptra ; 5, capsule and operculum ; 6, capsule ; 7, capsule and portion of the pedicel 

 in a dry state ; 8, calyptra ; 9, portion of peristome with annulus, viewed from without ; 11, ver- 

 tical section of the same ; 10, two teeth of the peristome with spores ; 12, perichtetial leaf ; 13, 14, 

 stem leaves ; 15, 17, base and apex of leaf showing the areolation ; 16, cells of the lower part 

 of the leaf; 18, apex of the leaf; 19, cells of the upper part of the leaf; 20, sterile flower ; 21, 

 perigonial leaf; 22, antheridium ; all magnified, except fig. 1. The var. fig. 16. plant of the 

 natural size ; 26. a portion of the stem ; 36. a leaf ; both magnified. 



PLATE V. Bryum Bigelovii. 



Fig. 1, two fertile plants ; 2, a sterile plant, all of the natural size ; 3, a fertile plant ; 4, 4, 

 stem leaves ; 5, 5, comal leaves ; 6, 7, base and apex of stem leaves, showing the areolation ; 8, 



