14 ON CALIFORNIAN MOSSES. 



Lag., and easily distinguished from any other species. On the bark of oak trees, common 

 in California. 



77. HYPNUM (AMBLYSTEOIUM) scrpcns L. 



In a swamp at the foot of the Oakland Redwood Hills. March. 



78. HYPNUM subimponens Spec. nov. Uypno imponente primo intuitu similimum diffcrt : Foliis cau- 

 linis integris vel raro summo acumine subserrulatis ; cellulis alaribus vel nullis vel perpaucis minoribus; arcola- 

 tione densiori; foliis perichsctialibus brevi-acuminatis erectis appressis integris; capsula graciliori cernua ; operculo 

 conico-obttiso ; pcristomii interni ciliis singulis vcl binis longis gracilimis; annulo coinposito lato revolubili; vagi- 

 nula nuda. 



Shaded rocks in a creek, Marin County. 



79. IliTNUM riparium S. 



In a willow swamp, Marin County, &c. 



Though we do not know probably one-half of the species of mosses inhabiting California, 

 the materials on hand are already sufficient to permit us an inquiring look into the general 

 character and the geographical distribution of the Bryologia of that country. 



Mr. W. S. Sullivant's examination of the mosses collected in California by Dr. Bigelow, 

 has enumerated sixty-four species, thirty of which have not yet been found by Mr. Bo- 

 lander. Menzies, Hooker, Hampe. Miiller, and other authors have mentioned eighteen 

 species from the west coast of North America, twelve of which are also not in Mr. Bo- 

 lander's collection. This gives us an amount of one hundred and twenty-one species of 

 mosses now known in California. Of these, forty-two appear peculiar to Western North 

 America, some of them ascending higher north in Oregon, but their northern range is 

 still undetermined. Forty-two species are common to California, Eastern North America, 

 and Europe ; thirty-four are found in California and Europe, but not in Eastern North 

 America, and none are common to California and Eastern North America solely. Three 

 species have a range going somewhat out of this division, Orthotriclium Texanum and 

 Ilypnum Nultallii appear to be species of a warmer climate ; the first being found in 

 Mexico, the second in Western Texas. Trichostomum cornlcidatum Scliw. goes as high 

 north as Kamtschatka. 



The species common to California, Europe, and Eastern North America, are mostly 

 wandering or universal species, found nearly over the whole world in a temperate zone : 

 some Phascacece, Gymnostomum curvirostrum, Weisia v\ridula, Dicranum virens, Ceratodott 

 purpureua, Tetraphis pellucida, Hedwigia ciliata, &c., &c. On the contrary, those common 

 only to California and Europe, and wanting in Eastern North America, are typical forms : 

 species of Tricliostomum, Barlula, Desmatodon, Anacalypta, Zyyodon, Brawtia, Bryum, 

 Ilypnum, especially of the section Scleropodium and Camptothccium. This at once already 



