136 



MODERN HORSE MANAGEMENT 



[CHAP. 



antipyrin, ammonium acetate, camphor, digitalis, 

 mercury subchloride, magnesium sulphate, pilo- 

 carpine, pot. nitrate, quinine sulphate, soda 

 bicarbonate, soda carbonate. 



ANTIRHEUMATICS : drugs that relieve rheumatism, 

 e.g. soda bicarbonate, soda carbonate, soda 

 salicylate. 



ANTISEPTICS. (See Sees. 798-801.) 



ANTISPASMODICS : drugs that prevent or allay mus- 

 cular spasms, e.g. ammonia, belladonna, asafce- 

 tida, bromides, camphor, cannabis indica, physo- 

 stigmine, spirits ether nitrate, turps, zinc sul- 

 phate. 



AXTITYMPANITICS : drugs that reduce or prevent 

 tympanites, e.g. ammonia, ammonium carbon- 

 ate, carbon, turps, asafcetida. 



A. P. : active principle. 



APERIENTS : drugs that cause gentle purging. (See 

 " Laxatives.") 



APHRODISIACS : drugs that excite the venereal appe- 

 tite, e.g., belladonna, camphor, cannabis indica, 

 iron perchloride, phosphorus, blood and nerve 

 tonics. 



AROMATICS : drugs that counteract griping from 

 acrid drugs. (See " Stimulants Stomachic.") 



ARTERY : a vessel through which blood passes from 

 the heart to the body. 



ARTICULAR : pertaining to a joint. 



ASEPTIC : free from septic material. 



ASPHYXIA : suffocation, deficiency of oxygen in the 

 blood. 



ASTRINGENTS : drugs that retract tissues, coagulate 

 blood, and check secretions, e.g. mineral alum, 

 borax, dilute mineral acids, and metallic salts ; 

 vegetable acid acetic, acid tannic, acid carbolic, 

 catechu, cinchona, ergot, opium, turps. 



ATROPHY : a wasting of a part. 



AUSCULTATION : the act of listening for sounds within 

 the body, chiefly of the lungs, heart, and womb. 



BACILLUS (plural, bacilli) : a rod-shaped micro- 

 organism. 



BACTERIUM (plural, bacteria) : vegetable micro- 

 organism. 



BARS OF MOUTH : that part of the gums between the 

 incisors and the molars of the horse. 



BILE : gal], a greenish-yellow substance secreted by 

 the liver. 



B.P. : British Pharmacopoeia. 



BRUSHING : the act of a horse brushing one leg 

 against another while in motion. 



CALCULI : plural of calculus ; an abnormal con- 

 cretion within the animal body, usually com- 

 posed of mineral salts. 



CANCER : a malignant tumour, chiefly of epithelial 

 cells. 



CANNULA : a tube for insertion into the body. 



CAPILLARY : a minute vessel that connects an arteriole 

 to a venule. 



CAPUT : the head or head-like structure. 



CARIES : the molecular decay or death of a bone. 



CARMINATIVES : drugs that relieve flatulence and 

 assuage pain. (See " Stimulants Stomachic.") 



CARTILAGE : gristle, a white elastic or inelastic sub- 

 stance. 



CATHARTICS : drugs that increase peristaltic action. 

 (See " Laxatives," " Drastics," " Cholagogues," 

 " Hydragogues.") 



CATHETER : a tube for discharging fluids from a 

 cavity in the body, usually that of the 

 bladder. 



CAUSTICS : drugs that destroy tissue, e.g. strong 

 acids, silver nitrate, creosote, copper sulphate, 

 iron perchloride, mercury perchloride, iodine, 

 potash, zinc sulphate. 



CHOLAGOGUES : drugs that stimulate the secretion of 

 bile from the liver, and cause purging, e.g. aloes, 

 mercury perchloride, mercury subchloride, podo- 

 phyllin, soda salicylate. 



CHRONIC : long-continued ; not acute. 



CLYSTER : an enema ; an injection into the rectum. 



CONCAVE : presenting a depressed or hollovr surface. 



CONDYLE : a rounded eminence at the articular end 

 of a bone. 



CONGESTION : abnormal accumulation of blood in a 

 part. 



CONTAGION : the communication of disease by 

 mediate or immediate contact, or by effluvia. 



CONTAGIOUS : propagated by contagion. 



CONVEX : having a rounded and somewhat elevated 

 surface. 



CONVEXITY : a convex prominence on a bone. 



CONVULSION : a violent involuntary contraction of a 

 voluntary muscle. 



CORROSIVES. (See " Caustics.") 



COTYLOID CAVITY : a cup-shaped cavity. 



COUNTER-IRRITANTS : drugs that irritate and stimu- 

 late the skin, and thus relieve internal pain and 

 inflammation. (See " Vesicants," " Rubefacients," 

 " Pustulants," "Derivatives.") 



CREST : the top of the horse's neck, where the mane 

 grows. 



DECIDUOUS : temporary. 



DECOCTION : a medicine or liquid prepared by boiling. 



DEFECATION : the discharge of faces from the bowels. 



DEMULCENTS : drugs that soothe, soften and protect 

 mucous membrane, e.g. glycerine, gum, oU. 



DEODORISERS : drugs that absorb or decompose foetid 

 effluvia. (See "Antiseptics," "Disinfectants.") 



DERIVATIVES : drugs that stimulate certain parts of 

 the body to relieve others. (See " Counter-irri- 

 tants," " Stimulants External.") 



DESICCANTS : drugs that dry up discharge from 

 wounds and abscesses, e.g. alum, bismuth sub- 

 nitrate, borax, chalk, chloride of lime, lime- 

 water, catechu, carbon, Fuller's earth, French 

 chalk, mercury perchloride, magnesia, lead sub- 

 acetate, alcohol, zinc sulphate. 



DETERGENTS : drugs that cleanse sluggish wounds, 

 etc., e.g. borax, caustic potash, soap solution. 



DIAGNOSIS : the art of distinguishing one disease 

 from another. 



DIAPHORETICS : drugs that increase the exhalation of 

 the skin, e.g. ether, spirits ether nitrate, ammo- 

 nium salts, antifebrin, arnica, belladonna, cam- 

 phor, mercury subchloride, pilocarpine, pot. 

 nitrate, alcohol, sulphur, turps, veratrine, friction, 

 warm clothing, hot applications. 



DIAPHYSIS : the shaft of a long bone. 



