124 



RELATION OF HEAT TO COMFORT 



FIG. 192. PRODUCTS DERIVED FROM COAL 



International Neu's Photo 

 FIG. 193. OIL WELL 



kerosene, and other sub- 

 stances. These are sep- 

 arated from the petroleum 

 by a process known as frac- 

 tional distillation. In this 

 process the crude petrole- 

 um is heated, and since the 

 various substances which it 

 contains have different boil- 

 ing points, they are boiled 

 off as the temperature of 

 the crude petroleum is 

 raised higher and higher. 

 Figure 193 shows an oil 

 gusher and Figure 194 a 

 refining plant where the 

 crude petroleum is separat- 

 ed into its parts by frac- 

 tional distillation. 



Van Buskirk and Smith, The Science of Everyday Life, 

 Chap. 14 



Watkins and Bedell, General Science for Today, Chap. 19 



Webb and Beauchamp, Science by Observation and Ex- 

 periment, Unit 1 (part) 



Wood and Carpenter, Our Environment: Its Relation to 

 Us, Chap. 11; Our Environment: How We Use and Con- 

 trol It, Unit 2, Topic 7 



REFERENCES FOR FURTHER STUDY 



Texts 



Caldwell and Curtis, Science for Today, Chap. 11 

 Clement, Collister, and Thurston, Our Surroundings, Chaps. 



7, 8 

 Hunter and Whitman, My Own Science Problems, Unit 5 ; 



Science in Our World of Progress, Unit 5 

 Lake, Harley, and Welton, Exploring the World of Science, 



Chap. 19 

 Pieper and Beauchamp, Everyday Problems in Science, 



Unit 9 

 Powers, Neuner, and Bruner, The World around Us, Chap. 



19; Man's Control of His Environment, Chap. 27 (part) 

 Skilling, Tours through the World of Science, Tour 14 



Courtesy Shell Petroleum Corporation 



FIG. 194. OIL REFINERY 



Special references 



Butler, Household Physics 

 Lynde, Physics of the Household 

 Black and Davis, Practical Physics 



Ashmead, The Man Who Mines Our Coal (Scientific Ameri- 

 can, May 18, 1918) 

 Fraser, Secrets of the Earth 

 Williams, The Romance of Mining 



WHAT YOU SHOULD AIM TO ACQUIRE FROM 

 THIS STUDY 



1. A knowledge of the chemical changes that take 

 place when a substance burns. 



