12 THE WHITE PINE 



Since the best grades of lumber are required 

 to be free from sap-wood, the figures in this ta- 

 ble exhibit clearly one of the reasons why a 

 better product is cut from large logs than from 

 small ones. They show that in spite of the 

 steady increase in the number of rings of sap- 

 wood as a tree grows older, it forms a less and 

 less important part of the whole bulk of the 

 tree. 



"First growth," or " original growth," is taken 

 to apply to all trees standing on land which has 

 never been cut over, or better, all trees whose 

 growth (if injury by fire is excepted) has never 

 been influenced by human action. All trees which 

 have taken their origin from the seed of the orig- 

 inal Pine are included under the term " second 

 growth." Second growth which occurs in situa- 

 tions similar to those once occupied by the 

 original Pine shows precisely the same character 

 as the other at the same age. That which springs 

 up on good soil in the valleys and on the lower 



