58 TRANSPLANTING 



lifted when they get the second pair of leaves and 

 planted in hotbeds, and from there they may be trans- 

 planted in cold frames, where they are allowed more cold 

 air and light to harden them before they are transplanted 

 in the field. Such plants may be transplanted two or 

 three times. Celery is often transplanted twice. 



Advantages. - 

 By growing young 

 plants in green- 

 houses and hotbeds 

 we can secure the 

 most favorable con- 

 ditions of soil, heat, 

 moisture, and light. 

 The soil and air 

 can be artificially 

 warmed ; by screens 

 the proper amount 

 of light can be ob- 

 tained ; and the 



COLD FRAMES i 



plants can be wa- 

 tered as often as necessary. To protect the young 

 plants against disease, special chemical treatment can 

 be given to the soil and the plants themselves to pre- 

 vent the growth of dangerous bacteria. Loss by in- 

 sects and other animals can be controlled or entirely 

 prevented by these methods of early cultivation. 



Nurseries. In the case of tree seedlings a great 

 saving of ground can be secured by having the young 



