FOOD OF FARM ANIMALS 239 



carbohydrates, and .5 pound of fat. She would get 

 close to this amount and proportion, if she were fed 

 15 pounds of corn fodder, 10 pounds of alfalfa hay, 10 

 pounds sugar beets, and 8 pounds wheat bran each day. 

 If she gives more milk, or is a larger cow, she will 

 need more food. Fattening animals should be given 

 feed that contains a high proportion of carbohydrates 

 and fat. Milk contains much protein, and therefore 

 dairy cattle should have feed that contains a greater 

 proportion of protein than that of fattening steers. 



QUESTIONS 



1. In addition to water, what are the four classes of materials 

 in foods? 



2. What foods are rich in protein ? 



3. What foods are rich in carbohydrates? 



4. What seeds used as food contain a large amount of fat? 



5. What is a balanced ration? 



6. How should the food of a dairy cow differ from that of a 

 fattening steer? 



PRACTICAL EXERCISES 



1. Place a small quantity of flour in a muslin bag. Knead 

 the flour in a vessel of water until all the starch of the flour is 

 removed. The gummy substance left in the bag is gluten, the 

 protein of wheat. 



2. Examine the curd of milk. This is casein, the protein of 

 milk. 



2. Crush the seeds of flax and cotton on a sheet of white 

 paper. Note the oily spots on the paper. Note also the oily 



