19 



The different kinds of sport are for the idle 

 classes a substitute for productive work which 

 a physiological necessity imposes on them to 

 save them from the disagreeable conse- 

 quences of absolute repose and from ennui. 



The most serious problem will consist in 

 apportioning to each the payment for work. 

 It is known that collectivism adopts the 

 formula, " to each according to his work," 

 whilst communism adopts the other, " to each 

 according to his need." 



No one can give, in its practical details, the 

 solution of this problem ; but this impossi- 

 bility of foretelling the future in its smaller 

 details authorises no one to tax socialism with 

 being an unattainable Utopia. No one would 

 have been able to prophesy, a priori, from its 

 beginnings, the successive developments of 

 any civilisation : I shall prove that in speak- 

 ing of the methods of social renovation. 



This we can confidently affirm, relying 

 upon the most certain inductions of psychology 

 and sociology. 



One cannot deny, as' Marx himself has 

 declared, that the above second formula 

 which according to some allows one to dis- 

 tinguish anarchy from socialism represents 

 a more remote and more complex ideal. But 

 one cannot deny that the formula of collec- 

 tivism only represents one phase of social 

 evolution, a period of individual discipline 

 which must necessarily precede communism.* 



* M. Zerboglie has very justly remarked that indivi- 

 dualism, acting without pressure of external sanction, and 



