which orthodox science, academic and official 

 often in good faith, but sometimes also with 

 a view to personal interest has always placed 

 at the disposal of dominant minorities. 



I have believed it could be shown that 

 positive science is in complete agreement with 

 contemporary socialism which, since Marx 

 and Engels and their successors, differs essen- 

 tially from sentimental socialism both in its 

 scientific discipline and in its political tactics, 

 though it continues the generous efforts to 

 realise an identical aim : social justice for all 

 men. 



I have loyally and sincerely maintained my 

 thesis on scientific grounds : I have always 

 recognised the partial truth of the theories of 

 our opponents, and I have not overlooked the 

 title to glory that the bourgeois class and 

 science have acquired since the French 

 Revolution. The disappearance of the 

 bourgeois class and science, which at their 

 coming had marked the disappearance of the 

 clerical and aristocratic class and science, will 

 have as a consequence the triumph of social 

 justice for the whole of humanity, without 

 distinction of classes, and the triumph of truth 

 in its final consequences without reservations. 



The appendix contains my replies to a 

 letter of Herbert Spencer and to the anti- 

 socialistic book of M. Garofalo. It shows 

 what is the actual state of social science, the 

 struggle between ultra-conservative ortho- 

 doxy, which is prevented by its traditional 

 syllogisms from seeing the sad facts of contem- 

 porary life, and between the new heterodoxy 

 which is increasingly asserting itself among 

 the learned as also in the collective intelligence. 



ENRICO FERRI. 

 Brussels, Nov., 1895. 



