I 3 2 



sure of material victory when evolution is not 

 ripe and revolution is not ready. 



Thus we have been able to state in the last 

 Sicilian revolt, in spite of all interested 

 untruths, that wherever socialism was most 

 advanced and reasoned, there were neither 

 acts of personal violence nor revolt as for 

 example, among the peasants of Piana dei 

 Greci, of whom Nicola Barbato made intelli- 

 gent socialists, whilst those convulsive move- 

 ments took place outside the field of the 

 socialist propaganda, as a revolt against the 

 municipal exactions and camorre, or where 

 the less intelligent socialist propaganda had 

 been stifled by the frenzies caused by hunger 

 and misery. 



History shows that the countries where 

 revolts have been most frequent are those 

 where social progress is least advanced. 

 Popular energies are exhausted and shattered 

 in these feverish and convulsive excesses, and 



penetrate into the .proletariat ; we must furnish it with the 

 structure of organisation, and impel it to work as if it 

 were a new organism ; we must conquer public powers 

 by the means given us by modern civilisation. 



"To revolt, to strike haphazard with a bomb at spec- 

 tators in a theatre, to kill an individual, is the deed of 

 barbarians or of ignorant people. The socialist party 

 sees in these acts the violent manifestations of bourgeois 

 sentiments. 



"We are the enemies of all the acts of violence of 

 bourgeois exploitation, of the guillotine, of a volley of 

 musketry, of anarchist outrages. Long live socialism. 11 



Socialism represses all these sterile and repugnant 

 forms of individual violence. 



Carnot dead after the first excitement which^in retali- 

 ation was turned against innocent Italians in consequence 

 of the reawakening of atavic instincts provoked by these 

 outrages the French republic elected another president, 

 and nothing will be changed, as nothing was changed in 

 Russia after the death of Alexander II. But the question 



